NAME

CONTENTS

                                                              

 About this Document............................................3
 What is NetBSD?................................................3
 Changes Between The NetBSD 3.0.1 and 3.0.2 updates.............3
    Kernel......................................................3
    Networking..................................................3
    File system.................................................3
    Libraries...................................................4
    Security....................................................4
    Miscellaneous...............................................4
    amd64 specific..............................................4
    sparc specific..............................................4
    mac68k specific.............................................4
 Changes Between The NetBSD 3.0 release and 3.0.1 update........4
    Kernel......................................................4
    Networking..................................................5
    File system.................................................5
    Libraries...................................................5
    Security....................................................6
    Miscellaneous...............................................6
    acorn26 specific............................................6
    amiga specific..............................................6
    hp300 specific..............................................7
    i386 specific...............................................7
    m68k specific...............................................7
    mips specific...............................................7
    powerpc specific............................................7
    sparc specific..............................................7
    xen specific................................................7
 The Future of NetBSD...........................................7
 Sources of NetBSD..............................................8
 NetBSD 3.0.2 Release Contents..................................8
    NetBSD/evbarm subdirectory structure........................9
    Binary distribution sets...................................10
 NetBSD/evbarm System Requirements and Supported Devices.......11
    Supported devices (Technologic Systems TS-7200)............11
       TS-5620 Real Time Clock.................................12
       Serial ports............................................12
       Ethernet adapters.......................................12
       Other on-board functions................................12
    Supported devices (ARM, Ltd. Integrator)...................12
       PrimeCell PL030 Real Time Clock.........................12
       Serial ports............................................12
       SCSI host adapters......................................12
       Ethernet adapters.......................................12
    Supported devices (Intel IQ80310)..........................12
       Serial ports............................................12
       Ethernet adapters.......................................12
       i80312 Companion I/O functions..........................12
    Supported devices (Intel IQ80321)..........................12
       Serial ports............................................12
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
       i80321 I/O Processor functions..........................13
    Supported devices (Team ASA Npwr)..........................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       SCSI host adapters......................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
    Supported devices (Intel IXM1200)..........................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
    Supported devices (Samsung SMDK2800).......................13
       Serial ports............................................13
    Supported devices (ADI BRH)................................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
 Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media..................13
 Preparing your System for NetBSD installation.................16
    Preparation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200............16
    Preparation for the Intel IQ80310..........................17
    Preparation for the Intel IQ80321..........................18
 Installing the NetBSD System..................................20
    Installation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200...........20
    Installation for the Intel IQ80310.........................21
    Installation for the Intel IQ80321.........................22
 Post installation steps.......................................23
 Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System................26
 Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases............26
    Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older......26
 Using online NetBSD documentation.............................27
 Administrivia.................................................27
 Thanks go to..................................................28
 We are........................................................33
 Legal Mumbo-Jumbo.............................................38
 The End.......................................................44

DESCRIPTION

About this Document

This document describes the installation procedure for NetBSD3.0.2 on the evbarm platform. It is available in four different formats titled INSTALL.ext, where .ext is one of .ps, .html, .more, or .txt:

.ps

PostScript.

.html

Standard Internet HTML.

.more

The enhanced text format used on UNIX-like systems by the more(1) and less(1) pager utility programs. This is the format in which the on-line man pages are generally presented.

.txt

Plain old ASCII.

You are reading the HTML version.

What is NetBSD?

The NetBSD Operating System is a fully functional Open Source UNIX-like operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. NetBSD runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports), featuring seventeen machine architectures across fifteen distinct CPU families, and is being ported to more. The NetBSD3.0.2 release contains complete binary releases for many different system architectures. (A few ports are not fully supported at this time and are thus not part of the binary distribution. For information on them, please see the NetBSD web site at http://www.NetBSD.org/.)

NetBSD is a completely integrated system. In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, NetBSD features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several languages, the X Window System, firewall software and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.

NetBSD is a creation of the members of the Internet community. Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes possible, it's likely that NetBSD wouldn't exist.

Changes Between The NetBSD 3.0.1 and 3.0.2 updates

The NetBSD 3.0.2 update is the second security/critical update of the NetBSD 3.0 release branch. This represents a selected subset of fixes deemed critical in nature for stability or security reasons.

These fixes will also appear in future releases (NetBSD 3.1 etc), together with other less-critical fixes and feature enhancements.

Specific updates are as follows:

Kernel

• Avoid a panic in page fault handling that could occer under low-memory conditions.

Networking

• Changed the default sshd_config(8) to enable SSH version 2 only.

• Don't accept TCP connections to broadcast addresses.

File system

• Fixed race condition in NFS renaming that could cause the renamed file to be deleted.

Libraries

• When a user is created, initialize the string of secondary groups to avoid it containing garbage when none is added.

Security

• Fixed a buffer overflow in the in-kernel PPP code share by ISDN PPP interfaces ippp(4) and pppoe(4) (SA2006-019).

• X11: fixed an integer overflow in FreeType (SA2006-020).

• Fixed a potential DoS attack with sendmail(8) (SA2006-017).

• Fixed a DoS vulnerability in BIND (SA2006-022).

• Fixed a RSA signature forgery in openssl(1) (SA2006-023).

• X11: fixed a vulnerability in Adobe Type 1 font handling (SA2006-021).

• Fixed a number of DoS vulnerabilities in openssl(1) (SA in preparation, CVE entries: 2006-2937, 2940, 3738 and 4343).

• Fixed a number of DoS vulnerabilities in sshd(8) (SA in preparation, CVE entries: 2006-4924 and 5051).

Miscellaneous

• Fixed cross-building from GCC 4.x hosts.

amd64 specific

• Make sure that the system reboots after a panic instead of halting.

sparc specific

• Disabled threading in named(8) on sparc and sparc64 to avoid a crash.

mac68k specific

• sysinst now newfs'es and mounts the target filesystem(s).

Changes Between The NetBSD 3.0 release and 3.0.1 update

The NetBSD 3.0.1 update is the first security/critical update of the NetBSD 3.0 release branch. This represents a selected subset of fixes deemed critical in nature for stability or security reasons.

These fixes will also appear in future releases (NetBSD 3.1 etc), together with other less-critical fixes and feature enhancements.

Specific updates are as follows:

Kernel

• Hold kernel_lock while calling systrace_exit().

• In systrace_make_msg(), sleep uninterruptibly while waiting for the response from the systrace daemon, so that the message protocol between the kernel and the daemon doesn't get out of sync.

• RAIDframe: mark used spares as failed if they encounter IO errors.

• wdc(4): after a reset don't wait for drives to come ready if there are no drives (fixes a 30s hang after resume).

• Fix support in wd(4) for 1 and 2TB disks.

• Fix a bug in the fragment cache which could cause kernel panics (SA2006-004).

• Fix a crash caused by azalia(4) when a connection list has invalid NIDs.

• aic(4): work around an rbus resource allocation problem so cards work again.

• RAIDframe was erroneously re-initializing the Parity Stripe Status pool each time a new array was configured. This causes grief with things like 'vmstat -m' by causing it to loop. Make RAIDframe only initialize PSS bits once.

• twe(4): fix a memory leak in the TWEIO_GET_PARAM ioctl.

• Prevent system crashes caused by malformed ELF interpreters (SA2006-008).

• usb(4): Allow a NULL pointer as argument to usb_get_next_event(), and don't allocate a "struct usb_event" on stack in usb_add_event().

• Check the "oldlen" argument to sysctl(2) before passing it to vslock(9). This prevents a local DOS (SA2006-013).

• Use a pmatch(9) expression which should catch all present and future seagate drives larger than 200GB for the WD_QUIRK_FORCE_LBA48 quirks.

• Fix the 'audioctl of death' problem (SA2006-014).

• Limit the size of any kernel buffers allocated by the VOP_READDIR routines to MAXBSIZE.

Networking

• Make sure all bridge(4) structs are initialized to 0.

• Fix a memory disclosure in bridge(4) (SA2006-005).

• Use sigaction(2) to setup automatic disposal of child processes after daemonizing rpc.statd(8). This is more portable and avoids zombie rpc.statd(8) processes after an NFS client running e.g. Mac OS X shuts down.

• Prevent system crash when attempting to gather information about a non-existing alias of a network interface via the SIOCGIFALIAS ioctl (SA2006-012).

• Fix a panic caused by insufficient validation when parsing IPv6 socket options (SA2006-016).

File system

• Change union_unmount() to not play with the fs root vnode explicitly. Let it get recycled along with all of the others. This is important as if the root vnode has already been reclaimed, then we get a panic when we try to vget it.

Libraries

• xdr_rec.c missing a bugfix for an improper security check. The correct way to check for a zero record length is to check for it without the LAST_FRAG marker in it, since it's legal to send a LAST_FRAG marker with 0 bytes of data.

• pam_nologin(8): use the class of the user, not then default class, when checking for nologin and ignorelogin login.conf(5) capabilities.

• pam_unix(8): fix an uninitialized variable, and remove some unreachable code.

• Make PAM work on NetBSD ports without shared library support.

• Make password aging work again.

• Fix a bug in signal handling which could e.g get the MySQL daemon stuck in a tight loop after receiving a HUP signal.

Security

• Improve rnd(4) code probing for the Intel hardware RNG to avoid false detections (SA2006-009).

• mail(1) creates record file with insecure umask (SA2006-007).

• Fix a remote code execution vulnerability in sendmail (SA2006-010).

• A vulnerability was found in the fast_ipsec(4) stack that renders the IPSec anti-replay service ineffective under certain circumstances (SA2006-011).

• Fix a number of small security problems with the games.

• Fix an FPU Information leak on i386/amd64/Xen platforms with AMD CPUs (SA2006-015).

• Fix several integer overflows and NULL-pointer dereferences in freetype2.

• Fix a denial of service vulnerability in sendmail when handling malformed multipart MIME messages (SA2006-017).

Miscellaneous

• Sync the Nvidia drivers with XFree86's sources as of December 24th, 2005. These changes fix lots of problems (i.e. freezes) with the latest cards (such as a GeForce 6600GT).

• Give systrace its own version of realpath() that does what it wants, call it intercept_realpath(). Unbreaks systrace.

• login(1), pam_securetty(8): don't issue a different message for root login on an insecure terminal.

• Fix some unpaired sigblocks which possibly leave a process with all signals blocked (esp. apparant under Gnome).

• Fix a NULL pointer dereference in ftp(1).

• Make sh(1) expand "$@" correctly again.

acorn26 specific

• Avoid panics under NetBSD/acorn26 whenever a process exits.

• Stop NetBSD/acorn26 from allocating eight times as much pool memory as it needs, leading to a rapid exhaustion of physical memory. NetBSD/acorn26 now boots multi-user again.

amiga specific

• Installer: don't ask for the root device before the user had a chance to identify how it's called under NetBSD.

hp300 specific

• Fix the bootloader so it doesn't print garbage to the bitmap console.

• Fix a huge number of pkgsrc build problems.

• Fix boot failure problem on HP400t with fb console.

• Fix a problem with the probe of SCSI disks in the installer.

i386 specific

• Update pciide at pnpbios to work with the last changes to wdc(4), especially the deferral of drive probe.

m68k specific

• Fix a huge number of pkgsrc build problems.

mips specific

• Avoid kernel panics caused by binaries compiled with "-mips2" or better.

• Update FPE trapsignal functions for new siginfo.

powerpc specific

• Avoid pthreads program crashes.

sparc specific

• For GCC3 and later, use the __builtin_va* constructs. Avoids a build problem with Firefox.

xen specific

• Avoid dom0 kernel crash when destroying a domain with active I/O going.

• Fix the FPU problems detected by paranoia on a NetBSD/Xen guest.

• Check the destination ethernet address when not in promiscous mode. Fix a problem where packets would be duplicated, possibly looping, when a domU is doing IP routing.

• Avoid panics under high system load.

This is the third major release of NetBSD/evbarm.

The Future of NetBSD

The NetBSD Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit organization. Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange of computer software, namely the NetBSD Operating System. The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties that wish to become involved in the NetBSD Project.

The NetBSD Foundation will help improve the quality of NetBSD by:

• providing better organization to keep track of development efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in related fields.

• providing a framework to receive donations of goods and services and to own the resources necessary to run the NetBSD Project.

• providing a better position from which to undertake promotional activities.

• periodically organizing workshops for developers and other interested people to discuss ongoing work.

We intend to begin narrowing the time delay between releases. Our ambition is to provide a full release every six to eight months.

We hope to support even more hardware in the future, and we have a rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve NetBSD.

We intend to continue our current practice of making the NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis.

We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the usability of the system.

Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be responsive to the needs and desires of NetBSD users, because it is for and because of them that NetBSD exists.

Sources of NetBSD

Refer to http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/.

NetBSD 3.0.2 Release Contents

The root directory of the NetBSD3.0.2 release is organized as follows:

.../NetBSD-3.0.2/

CHANGES

Changes since earlier NetBSD releases.

LAST_MINUTE

Last minute changes.

MIRRORS

A list of sites that mirror the NetBSD3.0.2 distribution.

README.files

README describing the distribution's contents.

TODO

NetBSD's todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date).

patches/

Post-release source code patches.

source/

Source distribution sets; see below.

In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which NetBSD3.0.2 has a binary distribution.

The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the source subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the complete sources to the system. The source distribution sets are as follows:

gnusrc

This set contains the ``gnu'' sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets.
79 MB gzipped, 367 MB uncompressed

pkgsrc

This set contains the ``pkgsrc'' sources, which contain the infrastructure to build third-party packages.
24 MB gzipped, 200 MB uncompressed

sharesrc

This set contains the ``share'' sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document set; the dictionaries; and more.
5 MB gzipped, 20 MB uncompressed

src

This set contains all of the base NetBSD3.0.2 sources which are not in gnusrc, sharesrc, or syssrc.
37 MB gzipped, 176 MB uncompressed

syssrc

This set contains the sources to the NetBSD3.0.2 kernel for all architectures; config(8); and dbsym(8).
26 MB gzipped, 140 MB uncompressed

xsrc

This set contains the sources to the X Window System.
84 MB gzipped, 450 MB uncompressed

All the above source sets are located in the source/sets subdirectory of the distribution tree.

The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. Except for the pkgsrc set, which is traditionally unpacked into /usr/pkgsrc, all sets may be unpacked into /usr/src with the command:
       #( cd / ; tar -zxpf - ) < set_name.tgz

In each of the source distribution set directories, there are files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory:

BSDSUM

Historic BSD checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum -o 1 file.

CKSUM

POSIX checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum file.

MD5

MD5 digests for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum-m file.

SYSVSUM

Historic AT&T System V UNIX checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum -o 2 file.

The MD5 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the POSIX checksum. The other two checksums are provided only to ensure that the widest possible range of system can check the integrity of the release files.

NetBSD/evbarm subdirectory structure

INSTALL.html

INSTALL.ps

INSTALL.txt

INSTALL.more

Installation notes in various file formats, including this file. The .more file contains underlined text using the more(1) conventions for indicating italic and bold display.

binary/

kernel/

netbsd-GENERIC.gz

A gzipped NetBSD kernel containing code for everything supported in this release.

sets/

evbarm binary distribution sets; see below.

installation/

misc/

Binary distribution sets

base

The NetBSD3.0.2 evbarm base binary distribution. You must install this distribution set. It contains the base NetBSD utilities that are necessary for the system to run and be minimally functional. It includes shared library support, and excludes everything described below.
18 MB gzipped, 50 MB uncompressed

comp

Things needed for compiling programs. This set includes the system include files (/usr/include) and the various system libraries (except the shared libraries, which are included as part of the base set). This set also includes the manual pages for all of the utilities it contains, as well as the system call and library manual pages.
21 MB gzipped, 76 MB uncompressed

etc

This distribution set contains the system configuration files that reside in /etc and in several other places. This set must be installed if you are installing the system from scratch, but should not be used if you are upgrading.
1 MB gzipped, 1 MB uncompressed

games

This set includes the games and their manual pages.
3 MB gzipped, 8 MB uncompressed

kern-INTEGRATOR

(see below)
4 MB gzipped, 10 MB uncompressed

kern-IQ80310

(see below)
20 MB gzipped, 54 MB uncompressed

kern-IQ80321

(see below)
21 MB gzipped, 55 MB uncompressed

kern-TEAMASA_NPWR

12 MB gzipped, 35 MB uncompressed

These sets contain a NetBSD/evbarm 3.0.2 kernel, named /netbsd. Some of these sets also contain a binary format kernel named /netbsd.bin and an S-record format kernel named /netbsd.srec that your firmware may need to boot. You must install the kernel that matches your hardware.

man

This set includes all of the manual pages for the binaries and other software contained in the base set. Note that it does not include any of the manual pages that are included in the other sets.
8 MB gzipped, 30 MB uncompressed

misc

This set includes the (rather large) system dictionaries, the typesettable document set, and other files from /usr/share.
3 MB gzipped, 9 MB uncompressed

text

This set includes NetBSD's text processing tools, including groff(1), all related programs, and their manual pages.
2 MB gzipped, 7 MB uncompressed

NetBSD maintains its own set of sources for the X Window System in order to assure tight integration and compatibility. These sources are based on XFree86, and tightly track XFree86 releases. They are currently equivalent to XFree86 4.4.0. Binary sets for the X Window System are distributed with NetBSD. The sets are:

xbase

The basic files needed for a complete X client environment. This does not include the X servers.
6 MB gzipped, 18 MB uncompressed

xcomp

The extra libraries and include files needed to compile X source code.
13 MB gzipped, 44 MB uncompressed

xfont

Fonts needed by X.
31 MB gzipped, 39 MB uncompressed

xetc

Configuration files for X which could be locally modified.
0.03 MB gzipped, 0.17 MB uncompressed

xserver

The X server.
4 MB gzipped, 9 MB uncompressed

The evbarm binary distribution sets are distributed as gzipped tar files named with the extension .tgz, e.g. base.tgz.

The instructions given for extracting the source sets work equally well for the binary sets, but it is worth noting that if you use that method, the filenames stored in the sets are relative and therefore the files are extracted below the current directory. Therefore, if you want to extract the binaries into your system, i.e. replace the system binaries with them, you have to run the tar -xpf command from the root directory ( / ) of your system. This utility is used only in a Traditional method installation.

Note:

Each directory in the evbarm binary distribution also has its own checksum files, just as the source distribution does.

NetBSD/evbarm System Requirements and Supported Devices

NetBSD3.0.2 runs on the following ARM architecture evaluation boards:

• Technologic Systems TS-7200

• ARM, Ltd. Integrator

• Intel IQ80310

• Intel IQ80321

• Team ASA, Inc. Npwr

• Intel IXM1200

• Samsung SMDK2800

• ADI Engineering, Inc. BRH ("Big Red Head")

Supported devices (Technologic Systems TS-7200)

• TS-5620 Real Time Clock

• Serial ports

  - On-chip EP9302 UARTs

  - TS-SER1, TS-SER2, TS-SER4 PC/104 serial adapters

  - TS-MODEM, TS-MODEM2 PC/104 land-line/cellular modems

• Ethernet adapters

  - On-chip EP9302 10/100 ethernet

  - TS-ETH10 PC/104 expansion ethernet adapters

• Other on-board functions

  - CompactFlash socket

  - USB OHCI host

  - Text-mode HD44780 LCD display header

  - Matrix keypad/GPIO header

  - Board temperature sensor and watchdog timer

Supported devices (ARM, Ltd. Integrator)

• PrimeCell PL030 Real Time Clock

• Serial ports

  - PrimeCell PL010 UART

• SCSI host adapters

  - Adaptec AHA-2910, 2915, 2920, and 2930C adapters.

  - Adaptec AHA-2x4x[U][2][W] cards and onboard PCI designs using the AIC-7770, AIC-7850, AIC-7860, AIC-7870, AIC-7880 and AIC-789x chipsets.

  - Adaptec AHA-394x[U][W] cards [b]

  - Adaptec AHA-3950U2 cards

  - Adaptec AHA-3960, 19160 and 29160 Ultra-160 adapters

• Ethernet adapters

  - Intel i82557, i82558, i82559, i82550

Supported devices (Intel IQ80310)

• Serial ports

  - On-board ST16c550 UARTs

• Ethernet adapters

  - Intel i82557, i82558, i82559, i82550

• i80312 Companion I/O functions

  - General Purpose I/O unit

Supported devices (Intel IQ80321)

• Serial ports

  - On-board TI 16550 UART

• Ethernet adapters

  - Intel i82542, i82543, i85244 Gigabit Ethernet

• i80321 I/O Processor functions

  - Application Accelerator Unit

  - Watchdog timer

Supported devices (Team ASA Npwr)

• Serial ports

  - On-board TI 16550 UART

• SCSI host adapters

  - On-board LSI Logic 53c1010 Ultra160 SCSI adapter

• Ethernet adapters

  - On-board Intel i82544 Gigabit Ethernet

Supported devices (Intel IXM1200)

• Serial ports

  - IXP1200 on-chip serial port

• Ethernet adapters

  - Intel i82557, i82558, i82559, i82550

Supported devices (Samsung SMDK2800)

• Serial ports

  - S3C2800 on-chip serial ports

Supported devices (ADI BRH)

• Serial ports

  - On-board TI 16752 DUART

• Ethernet adapters

  - Intel i82557, i82558, i82559, i82550

  - Intel i82544, i82546 Gigabit Ethernet

Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media

Note that if you are installing or upgrading from a writable media, the media can be write-protected if you wish. These systems mount a root image from inside the kernel, and will not need to write to the media. If you booted from a floppy, the floppy disk may be removed from the drive after the system has booted.

Installation is supported from several media types, including:

• CD-ROM / DVD
• MS-DOS floppy
• FTP
• Remote NFS partition
• Tape
• Existing NetBSD partitions, if performing an upgrade

The steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for installation depend upon which installation medium you choose. The steps for the various media are outlined below.

CD-ROM / DVD

Find out where the distribution set files are on the CD-ROM or DVD. Likely locations are binary/sets and evbarm/binary/sets.

Proceed to the instruction on installation.

MS-DOS floppy

NetBSD doesn't include split sets to keep the distribution size down. They can be created on a seperate machine using the split(1) command, running e.g. split -b 235k base.tgz base. to split the base.tgz file from evbarm/binary/sets into files named base.aa, base.ab, and so on. Repeat this for all set_name.tgz files, splitting them into set_name.xx files. Count the number of set_name.xx files that make up the distribution sets you want to install or upgrade. You will need one sixth that number of 1.44 MB floppies.

Format all of the floppies with MS-DOS. Do not make any of them bootable MS-DOS floppies, i.e. don't use format /s to format them. (If the floppies are bootable, then the MS-DOS system files that make them bootable will take up some space, and you won't be able to fit the distribution set parts on the disks.) If you're using floppies that are formatted for MS-DOS by their manufacturers, they probably aren't bootable, and you can use them out of the box.

Place all of the set_name.xx files on the MS-DOS disks.

Once you have the files on MS-DOS disks, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

FTP

The preparations for this installation/upgrade method are easy; all you need to do is make sure that there's an FTP site from which you can retrieve the NetBSD distribution when you're about to install or upgrade. If you don't have DHCP available on your network, you will need to know the numeric IP address of that site, and, if it's not on a network directly connected to the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric IP address of the NetBSD machine itself. If you don't have access to a functioning nameserver during installation, the IPv4 address of ftp.NetBSD.org is 204.152.184.75 and the IPv6 address is 2001:4f8:4:7:2e0:81ff:fe21:6563 (as of June, 2004).

Once you have this information, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

Note:

This method of installation is recommended for those familiar with using BSD network configuration and management commands. If you aren't, this documentation should help, but is not intended to be all-encompassing.

NFS

Place the NetBSD distribution sets you wish to install into a directory on an NFS server, and make that directory mountable by the machine on which you are installing or upgrading NetBSD. This will probably require modifying the /etc/exports file on of the NFS server and resetting its mount daemon (mountd). (Both of these actions will probably require superuser privileges on the server.)

You need to know the numeric IP address of the NFS server, and, if you don't have DHCP available on your network and the server is not on a network directly connected to the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric IP address of the NetBSD machine itself.

Once the NFS server is set up properly and you have the information mentioned above, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

Note:

This method of installation is recommended for those already familiar with using BSD network configuration and management commands. If you aren't, this documentation should help, but is not intended to be all-encompassing.

Tape

To install NetBSD from a tape, you need to make a tape that contains the distribution set files, in `tar' format.

If you're making the tape on a UNIX-like system, the easiest way to do so is probably something like:

       # tar -cf tape_device dist_directories

where tape_device is the name of the tape device that describes the tape drive you're using; possibly /dev/rst0, or something similar, but it will vary from system to system. (If you can't figure it out, ask your system administrator.) In the above example, dist_directories are the distribution sets' directories, for the distribution sets you wish to place on the tape. For instance, to put the misc, base, and etc distributions on tape (in order to do the absolute minimum installation to a new disk), you would do the following:

       # cd .../NetBSD-3.0.2
       # cd evbarm/binary
       # tar -cf tape_device misc etc kern

Note:

You still need to fill in tape_device in the example.

Once you have the files on the tape, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

Preparing your System for NetBSD installation

First and foremost, before beginning the installation process, make sure you have a reliable backup of any data on the target system that you wish to keep. Mistakes in e.g. partitioning your hard disk may lead to data loss.

Preparation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200

These notes also assume the the TS-7200 will be run from the CompactFlash; that a FFS filesystem on the CompactFlash card will provide the root file system. The minimum size of the CompactFlash card is 64MB with 512MB being the recommended minimum size if attempting a full installation.

The first step to install NetBSD is to interrupt normal system bootup and drop to the RedBoot prompt by hitting Ctrl-C immediately after applying power. To load both the installation kernel and the generic post-installation TS7200 kernel you will need network connectivity from RedBoot which you will have to configure using the RedBoot fconfig command; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

A compressed kernel image and loader suitable for placing into flash is provided with the distribution. Use of this image is optional; a kernel that can be directly loaded over the network by RedBoot is also provided.

The image for the TS-7200 can be found under the NetBSD/evbarm 3.0.2 distribution directory in evbarm/binary/gzimg/gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000.gz, and corresponds to the kernel in evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-TS7200.gz. The following steps describe how to copy the compressed kernel image into flash.

1. Uncompress the gzimg file and place it into the TFTP server's download area (note, the kernel inside the gzimg is still compressed after this step).

          server# gzcat gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000.gz > /tftpboot/gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000
   

2. Load the gzimg from the TFTP server.

   RedBoot> load -r -b 0x00200000 gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000
   Raw file loaded 0x00200000-0x00605fe0
   

3. Use the RedBoot fis command to copy the image into flash. For more information on the RedBoot Flash Image System, see the RedBoot documentation. The factory default Linux image may already be present in flash and must be deleted before continuing.

   RedBoot> fis delete vmlinux
   RedBoot> fis create -b 0x00200000 -f 0x60660000 -l 0x00160000 netbsd.gz
   

Once the compressed kernel image has been copied into flash, it may be started by jumping to the flash address of the image:

RedBoot> g 0x60660000

Preparation for the Intel IQ80310

These notes also assume that the IQ80310 will be run as a diskless system; that an NFS server will provide the root file system. The NetBSD kernel uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to obtain network address and root file system information.

The first step is to configure your DHCP, NFS, and TFTP server software. You will need the MAC address for the on-board Ethernet, which RedBoot can provide; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

The next step is to configure RedBoot to obtain its IP address from your DHCP server; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

Once your DHCP server and RedBoot are properly configured, you should see information similar to the following when the IQ80310 is reset or powered-up:

RedBoot(tm) debug environment - built 17:16:14, Feb 12 2001
Platform: IQ80310 (XScale)
Copyright (C) 2000, Red Hat, Inc.
                                                                                     

RAM: 0xa0000000-0xa2000000
FLASH: 0x00000000 - 0x00800000, 64 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
IP: 192.168.0.10, Default server: 192.168.0.1
RedBoot>

A compressed kernel image and loader suitable for placing into flash is provided with the distribution. Use of this image is optional; a kernel that can be directly loaded over the network by RedBoot is also provided.

The image for the IQ80310 can be found under the NetBSD/evbarm 3.0.2 distribution directory in evbarm/binary/gzimg/gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000.gz, and corresponds to the kernel in evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-IQ80310.gz. The following steps describe how to copy the compressed kernel image into flash.

1. Uncompress the gzimg file and place it into the TFTP server's download area (note, the kernel inside the gzimg is still compressed after this step).

   
          server# gzcat gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000.gz > /tftpboot/gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000
   

2. Load the gzimg from the TFTP server.

   RedBoot> load -r -b 0xa0200000 gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000
   Raw file loaded 0xa0200000-0xa0305fe0
   

3. Use the RedBoot fis command to copy the image into flash. For more information on the RedBoot Flash Image System, see the RedBoot documentation.

   RedBoot> fis create -b 0xa0200000 -f 0x00080000 -l 0x00200000 netbsd.gz
   ... Erase from 0x00080000-0x00280000: ....................
   ... Program from 0xa0200000-0xa0400000 at 0x00080000: ....................
   ... Unlock from 0x007e0000-0x00800000:.
   ... Erase from 0x007e0000-0x00800000:.
   ... Program from 0xa1fd0000-0xa1ff0000 at 0x007e0000:.
   ... Lock from 0x007e0000-0x00800000:.
   

Once the compressed kernel image has been copied into flash, it may be started by jumping to the flash address of the image:

RedBoot> g 0x00080000
                                                                                     

>> NetBSD/IQ80310 Gzip Boot, Revision 1.1
>> (root@tgm, Thu Mar 28 18:32:45 PST 2002)
>> RAM 0xa0000000 - 0xafffffff, heap at 0xaffd0000
>> Load address: 0xa0200000
>> Image size: 741244
Uncompressing image...done.
Jumping to image @ 0xa0200000...
                                                                                     

NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80310) booting ...
Resetting secondary PCI bus...
initarm: Configuring system ...
physmemory: 65536 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xafffffff
init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
[ using 155084 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
    The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                     

NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80310) #20: Fri Mar 29 10:25:53 PST 2002
    root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80310
total memory = 256 MB
avail memory = 232 MB
using 1228 buffers containing 13208 KB of memory
mainbus0 (root)
cpu0 at mainbus0: i80200 step A-0 (XScale core)
cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
obio0 at mainbus0: board rev. F, CPLD rev. D, backplane present
com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe810000: ns16550a, working fifo
com0: console
com1 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80312 Companion I/O, acting as PCI host
iopxs0: configuring Secondary PCI bus
pci0 at iopxs0 bus 1
pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled
ppb0 at pci0 dev 7 function 0: Digital Equipment DECchip 21154 PCI-PCI Bridge (rev. 0x05)
pci1 at ppb0 bus 2
pci1: i/o space, memory space enabled
fxp0 at pci1 dev 0 function 0: i82559S Ethernet, rev 9
fxp0: interrupting at iq80310 irq 1
fxp0: Ethernet address 00:80:4d:46:0b:b9
inphy0 at fxp0 phy 1: i82555 10/100 media interface, rev. 4
inphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
boot device: <unknown>
root device:

Preparation for the Intel IQ80321

These notes also assume that the IQ80321 will be run as a diskless system; that an NFS server will provide the root file system. The NetBSD kernel uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to obtain network address and root file system information.

The first step is to configure your DHCP, NFS, and TFTP server software. You will need the MAC address for the on-board Ethernet, which RedBoot can provide; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

The next step is to configure RedBoot to obtain its IP address from your DHCP server; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

Once your DHCP server and RedBoot are properly configured, you should see information similar to the following when the IQ80321 is reset or powered-up:

Ethernet eth0: MAC address 00:07:e9:03:38:40
IP: 192.168.0.11, Default server: 192.168.0.1
                                                                                     

RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROM]
Non-certified release, version UNKNOWN - built 11:21:56, Feb  1 2002
                                                                                     

Platform: IQ80321 (XScale)
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, Red Hat, Inc.
                                                                                     

RAM: 0x00000000-0x08000000, 0x00017008-0x01ddd000 available
FLASH: 0xf0000000 - 0xf0800000, 64 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
RedBoot>

A compressed kernel image and loader suitable for placing into flash is provided with the distribution. Use of this image is optional; a kernel that can be directly loaded over the network by RedBoot is also provided.

The image for the IQ80321 can be found under the NetBSD/evbarm 3.0.2 distribution directory in evbarm/binary/gzimg/gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000.gz, and corresponds to the kernel in evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-IQ80321.gz. The following steps describe how to copy the compressed kernel image into flash.

1. Uncompress the gzimg file and place it into the TFTP server's download area (note, the kernel inside the gzimg is still compressed after this step).

   
          server# gzcat gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000.gz > /tftpboot/gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000
   

2. Load the gzimg from the TFTP server.

   RedBoot> load -r -b 0x00200000 gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000
   Raw file loaded 0x00200000-0x00305fe4
   

3. Use the RedBoot fis command to copy the image into flash. For more information on the RedBoot Flash Image System, see the RedBoot documentation.

   RedBoot> fis create -b 0x00200000 -f 0xf0080000 -l 0x00200000 netbsd.gz
   * CAUTION * about to program 'netbsd.gz'
               at 0xf0080000..0xf027ffff from 0x00200000 - are you sure (y/n)? y
   ... Erase from 0xf0080000-0xf0280000: .......................
   ... Program from 0x00200000-0x00400000 at 0xf0080000: ......................
   ... Unlock from 0xf07e0000-0xf0800000:.
   ... Erase from 0xf07e0000-0xf0800000:.
   ... Program from 0x01ddf000-0x01dff000 at 0xf07e0000:.
   ... Lock from 0xf07e0000-0xf0800000:.
   

Once the compressed kernel image has been copied into flash, it may be started by jumping to the flash address of the image:

RedBoot> g 0xf0080000
                                                                                     

>> NetBSD/IQ80321 Gzip Boot, Revision 1.1
>> (root@tgm, Thu Mar 28 18:32:45 PST 2002)
>> RAM 0xa0000000 - 0xa7ffffff, heap at 0xa7fd0000
>> Load address: 0xa0200000
>> Image size: 739495
Uncompressing image...done.
Jumping to image @ 0xa0200000...
                                                                                     

NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80321) booting ...
initarm: Configuring system ...
physmemory: 32768 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xa7ffffff
init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
[ using 155076 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
    The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                     

NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80321) #1: Thu Mar 28 18:31:58 PST 2002
    root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80321
total memory = 128 MB
avail memory = 113 MB
using 1228 buffers containing 6656 KB of memory
mainbus0 (root)
cpu0 at mainbus0: i80321 step A-0 (XScale core)
cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
obio0 at mainbus0
com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
com0: console
iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80321 I/O Processor, acting as PCI host
iopxs0: configuring PCI bus
pci0 at iopxs0 bus 0
pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled, rd/line, rd/mult, wr/inv ok
wm0 at pci0 dev 4 function 0: Intel i82544 1000BASE-T Ethernet, rev. 2
wm0: interrupting at iop321 irq 27
wm0: Ethernet address 00:07:e9:03:38:40
makphy0 at wm0 phy 1: Marvell 88E1000 Gigabit PHY, rev. 0
makphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
boot device: <unknown>
root device:

Installing the NetBSD System

Installation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200

1. Place the netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.bin kernel into the TFTP server's download area. It must be decompressed from the gzipped image in the release directory evbarm/installation/instkernel/netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.srec.gz

          server# gunzip netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.srec.gz
          server# cp netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.srec /tftpboot/netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL
   

2. Load the kernel from the TFTP server.

   RedBoot> load netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL
   

3. Start the kernel running.

   RedBoot> go
   

   The kernel will display boot messages, probe for devices, and invoke the interactive sysinst installation tool. Once sysinst has completed installation, the system will reboot back into RedBoot. If the preparation instructions above have been followed, the post-installation NetBSD kernel will be in the FIS ready to be jumped into. You can have RedBoot automatically start NetBSD by putting the command go 0x60660000 into the RedBoot bootscript using the fconfig command.

Installation for the Intel IQ80310

1. Place the kernel into the TFTP server's download area.

   RedBoot only loads S-Records, so select a kernel with the ``.srec'' filename suffix. In this example, we will boot the kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet as the root device.

   
          server# cp netbsd-fxp0.srec /tftpboot/netbsd-iq80310-fxp0
   

2. Unpack the distribution sets into the target's root directory.

   
          server# cd /export/client/iq80310
          server# gzcat .../base.tgz | tar xvpf -
          server# gzcat .../etc.tgz | tar xvpf -
          [repeat for all sets you wish to unpack]
   

3. Load the kernel from the TFTP server.

   RedBoot> load netbsd-iq80310-fxp0
   Entry point: 0xa0200000, address range: 0xa0200000-0xa035e07c
   RedBoot>
   

4. Start the kernel running. The kernel will display boot message, probe for devices, and mount the root file system. If you used a kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet, it will attempt to mount the root file system automatically. Otherwise, it will prompt for the root device to use.

   Since the system's run-time environment has not yet been configured, the system should boot into single-user mode.

   RedBoot> go
                                                                                        
   
   NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80310) booting ...
   Resetting secondary PCI bus...
   initarm: Configuring system ...
   physmemory: 65536 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xafffffff
   init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
   [ using 155084 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
   Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
       The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
   Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
       The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                        
   
   NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80310) #20: Fri Mar 29 10:25:53 PST 2002
       root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80310
   total memory = 256 MB
   avail memory = 232 MB
   using 1228 buffers containing 13208 KB of memory
   mainbus0 (root)
   cpu0 at mainbus0: i80200 step A-0 (XScale core)
   cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
   cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
   cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
   obio0 at mainbus0: board rev. F, CPLD rev. D, backplane present
   com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe810000: ns16550a, working fifo
   com0: console
   com1 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
   iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80312 Companion I/O, acting as PCI host
   iopxs0: configuring Secondary PCI bus
   pci0 at iopxs0 bus 1
   pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled
   ppb0 at pci0 dev 7 function 0: Digital Equipment DECchip 21154 PCI-PCI Bridge (rev. 0x05)
   pci1 at ppb0 bus 2
   pci1: i/o space, memory space enabled
   fxp0 at pci1 dev 0 function 0: i82559S Ethernet, rev 9
   fxp0: interrupting at iq80310 irq 1
   fxp0: Ethernet address 00:80:4d:46:0b:b9
   inphy0 at fxp0 phy 1: i82555 10/100 media interface, rev. 4
   inphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
   clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
   boot device: <unknown>
   root on fxp0
   nfs_boot: trying DHCP/BOOTP
   nfs_boot: DHCP next-server: 192.168.0.1
   nfs_boot: my_name=iq80310.lab.wasabisystems.com
   nfs_boot: my_domain=wasabisystems.com
   nfs_boot: my_addr=192.168.0.10
   nfs_boot: my_mask=255.255.255.0
   nfs_boot: gateway=192.168.0.254
   root on 192.168.0.1:/export/client/iq80310
   /etc/rc.conf is not configured.  Multiuser boot aborted.
   Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:
   

Installation for the Intel IQ80321

1. Place the kernel into the TFTP server's download area.

   RedBoot only loads S-Records, so select a kernel with the ``.srec'' filename suffix. In this example, we will boot the kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet as the root device.

   
          server# cp netbsd-wm0.srec /tftpboot/netbsd-iq80321-wm0
   

2. Unpack the distribution sets into the target's root directory.

   
          server# cd /export/client/iq80321
          server# gzcat .../base.tgz | tar xvpf -
          server# gzcat .../etc.tgz | tar xvpf -
          [repeat for all sets you wish to unpack]
   

3. Load the kernel from the TFTP server.

   RedBoot> load netbsd-iq80321-wm0
   Entry point: 0x00200000, address range: 0x00200000-0x00396a40
   RedBoot>
   

4. Start the kernel running. The kernel will display boot message, probe for devices, and mount the root file system. If you used a kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet, it will attempt to mount the root file system automatically. Otherwise, it will prompt for the root device to use.

   Since the system's run-time environment has not yet been configured, the system should boot into single-user mode.

   RedBoot> go
                                                                                        
   
   NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80321) booting ...
   initarm: Configuring system ...
   physmemory: 32768 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xa7ffffff
   init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
   [ using 156468 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
   Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
       The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
   Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
       The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                        
   
   NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80321) #1: Thu Mar 28 18:20:34 PST 2002
       root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80321
   total memory = 128 MB
   avail memory = 113 MB
   using 1228 buffers containing 6656 KB of memory
   mainbus0 (root)
   cpu0 at mainbus0: i80321 step A-0 (XScale core)
   cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
   cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
   cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
   obio0 at mainbus0
   com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
   com0: console
   iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80321 I/O Processor, acting as PCI host
   iopxs0: configuring PCI bus
   pci0 at iopxs0 bus 0
   pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled, rd/line, rd/mult, wr/inv ok
   wm0 at pci0 dev 4 function 0: Intel i82544 1000BASE-T Ethernet, rev. 2
   wm0: interrupting at iop321 irq 27
   wm0: Ethernet address 00:07:e9:03:38:40
   makphy0 at wm0 phy 1: Marvell 88E1000 Gigabit PHY, rev. 0
   makphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
   clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
   boot device: <unknown>
   root on wm0
   nfs_boot: trying DHCP/BOOTP
   nfs_boot: DHCP next-server: 192.168.0.1
   nfs_boot: my_name=iq80321.lab.wasabisystems.com
   nfs_boot: my_domain=wasabisystems.com
   nfs_boot: my_addr=192.168.0.11
   nfs_boot: my_mask=255.255.255.0
   nfs_boot: gateway=192.168.0.254
   root on 192.168.0.1:/export/client/iq80321
   /etc/rc.conf is not configured.  Multiuser boot aborted.
   Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:
   

Post installation steps

Once you've got the operating system running, there are a few things you need to do in order to bring the system into a properly configured state, with the most important ones described below.

1. Configuring /etc/rc.conf

   If you or the installation software haven't done any configuration of /etc/rc.conf (sysinst usually will), the system will drop you into single user mode on first reboot with the message

          /etc/rc.conf is not configured. Multiuser boot aborted.
   

   and with the root file system (/) mounted read-only. When the system asks you to choose a shell, simply press RETURN to get to a /bin/sh prompt. If you are asked for a terminal type, respond with vt220 (or whatever is appropriate for your terminal type) and press RETURN. You may need to type one of the following commands to get your delete key to work properly, depending on your keyboard:
          # stty erase '^h'
          # stty erase '^?'
   At this point, you need to configure at least one file in the /etc directory. You will need to mount your root file system read/write with:
          # /sbin/mount -u -w /
   Change to the /etc directory and take a look at the /etc/rc.conf file. Modify it to your tastes, making sure that you set rc_configured=YES so that your changes will be enabled and a multi-user boot can proceed. Default values for the various programs can be found in /etc/defaults/rc.conf, where some in-line documentation may be found. More complete documentation can be found in rc.conf(5).

   If your /usr directory is on a separate partition and you do not know how to use ed, you will have to mount your /usr partition to gain access to ex or vi. Do the following:

   
          # mount /usr
          # export TERM=vt220
   

   If you have /var on a separate partition, you need to repeat that step for it. After that, you can edit /etc/rc.conf with vi(1). When you have finished, type exit at the prompt to leave the single-user shell and continue with the multi-user boot.

   Other values that need to be set in /etc/rc.conf for a networked environment are hostname and possibly defaultroute, furthermore add an ifconfig_int for your <int> network interface, along the lines of

   
          ifconfig_de0="inet 123.45.67.89 netmask 255.255.255.0"
   

   or, if you have myname.my.dom in /etc/hosts:

   
          ifconfig_de0="inet myname.my.dom netmask 255.255.255.0"
   

   To enable proper hostname resolution, you will also want to add an /etc/resolv.conf file or (if you are feeling a little more adventurous) run named(8). See resolv.conf(5) or named(8) for more information. Instead of manually configuring network and naming service, DHCP can be used by setting dhclient=YES in /etc/rc.conf.

   Other files in /etc that may require modification or setting up include /etc/mailer.conf, /etc/nsswitch.conf, and /etc/wscons.conf.

2. Logging in

   After reboot, you can log in as root at the login prompt. Unless you've set a password in sysinst, there is no initial password. If you're using the machine in a networked environment, you should create an account for yourself (see below) and protect it and the ``root'' account with good passwords. By default, root login from the network is disabled (even via ssh(1)). One way to become root over the network is to log in as a different user that belongs to group ``wheel'' (see group(5)) and use su(1) to become root.

   Unless you have connected an unusual terminal device as the console you can just press RETURN when it prompts for Terminal type? [...].

3. Adding accounts

   Use the useradd(8) command to add accounts to your system. Do not edit /etc/passwd directly! See vipw(8) and pwd_mkdb(8) if you want to edit the password database.

4. The X Window System

   If you have installed the X Window System, look at the files in /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc for information.

   Don't forget to add /usr/X11R6/bin to your path in your shell's dot file so that you have access to the X binaries.

5. Installing third party packages

   If you wish to install any of the software freely available for UNIX-like systems you are strongly advised to first check the NetBSD package system. This automatically handles any changes necessary to make the software run on NetBSD, retrieval and installation of any other packages on which the software may depend, and simplifies installation (and deinstallation), both from source and precompiled binaries.

   • More information on the package system is at http://www.NetBSD.org/Documentation/software/packages.html

   • A list of available packages suitable for browsing is at ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/pkgsrc/README.html

   • Precompiled binaries can be found at ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/, usually in the 3.0.2/evbarm/All subdir. You can install them with the following commands under sh(1):

     # PKG_PATH=ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/3.0.2/evbarm/All
     # export PKG_PATH
     # pkg_add -v tcsh
     # pkg_add -v bash
     # pkg_add -v perl
     # pkg_add -v apache
     # pkg_add -v kde
     # pkg_add -v mozilla
     ...
     

     If you are using csh(1) then replace the first two lines with the following:

     # setenv PKG_PATH ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/3.0.2/evbarm/All
     ...
     

     The above commands will install the Tenex-csh and Bourne Again shell, the Perl programming language, Apache web server, KDE desktop environment and the Mozilla web browser as well as all the packages they depend on.

   • Package sources for compiling packages on your own can be obtained by retrieving the file ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/tar_files/pkgsrc.tar.gz They are typically extracted into /usr/pkgsrc (though other locations work fine), with the commands:

     
            # mkdir /usr/pkgsrc
            #( cd /usr/pkgsrc ; tar -zxpf - ) < pkgsrc.tar.gz
     

     After extracting, see the README and doc/pkgsrc.txt files in the extraction directory (e.g. /usr/pkgsrc/README) for more information.

6. Misc

   • Edit /etc/mail/aliases to forward root mail to the right place. Don't forget to run newaliases(1) afterwards.

   • The /etc/mail/sendmail.cf file will almost definitely need to be adjusted; files aiding in this can be found in /usr/share/sendmail. See the README file there for more information. If you prefer postfix as MTA, adjust /etc/mailer.conf.

   • Edit /etc/rc.local to run any local daemons you use.

   • Many of the /etc files are documented in section 5 of the manual; so just invoking

     
            # man 5 filename
     

     is likely to give you more information on these files.

Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System

There is no previous release of NetBSD/evbarm from which to upgrade.

Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases

Users upgrading from previous versions of NetBSD may wish to bear the following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to NetBSD3.0.2.

Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older releases.

The following issues can generally be resolved by extracting the etc set into a temporary directory and running postinstall:

postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix

Issues fixed by postinstall:

• Various files in /etc need upgrading. These include:

  - /etc/defaults/*

  - /etc/mtree/*

  - /etc/pam.d/*

  - /etc/daily

  - /etc/weekly

  - /etc/monthly

  - /etc/security

  - /etc/rc.subr

  - /etc/rc

  - /etc/rc.shutdown

  - /etc/rc.d/*

  The following issues need to be resolved manually:

  - The user `_pflogd' and the groups `_pflogd' and `authpf' need to be created.

  Using online NetBSD documentation

  Documentation is available if you first install the manual distribution set. Traditionally, the ``man pages'' (documentation) are denoted by `name(section)'. Some examples of this are

  - intro(1),

  - man(1),

  - apropros(1),

  - passwd(1), and

  - passwd(5).

  The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8.

  The man command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is started by entering man[ section] topic. The brackets [] around the section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is optional. If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the lowest numbered section name will be displayed. For instance, after logging in, enter

  
         # man passwd
  

  to read the documentation for passwd(1). To view the documentation for passwd(5), enter

  
         # man 5 passwd
  

  instead.

  If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter

  apropos subject-word

  where subject-word is your topic of interest; a list of possibly related man pages will be displayed.

  Administrivia

  If you've got something to say, do so! We'd like your input. There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list server at majordomo@NetBSD.org. To get help on using the mailing list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will reply with instructions.

  There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and questions about this release. Please send comments to: netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org.

  To report bugs, use the send-pr(1) command shipped with NetBSD, and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. Good bug reports include lots of details. Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org.

  Use of send-pr(1) is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it are entered into the NetBSD bugs database, and thus can't slip through the cracks.

  There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of each port of NetBSD. Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit http://www.NetBSD.org/MailingLists/. If you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific port, you probably should contact the `owner' of that port (listed below).

  If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: netbsd-help@NetBSD.org.

  As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these mailing lists. Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it.

  Thanks go to

  - The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, including (but not limited to):

  Keith Bostic
  Ralph Campbell
  Mike Karels
  Marshall Kirk McKusick
  

  for their ongoing work on BSD systems, support, and encouragement.

  - The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the NetBSD FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers.

  - The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server which runs the CVSweb interface to the NetBSD source tree.

  - The Helsinki University of Technology in Finland for hosting the NetBSD backup CVS and backup server.

  - SSH Communications Security in Finland for operating the backup server.

  - The many organizations that provide NetBSD mirror sites.

  - Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool.

  - The following individuals and organizations (each in alphabetical order) have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support NetBSD development, and deserve credit for it:

  AMD - Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
  ASA Computers
  Aaron Wall
  ABE Masayuki
  AboveNet Communications, Inc.
  Achim Grolms
  Adam Kasper
  Adaptec
  Advanced System Products, Inc.
  Akihiro IIJIMA
  Alex Poylisher
  Algorithmics, Ltd.
  Alistair Crooks
  Allegro Networks
  Aloys Keller
  Andreas Berg
  Andreas Jellinghaus
  Andrew Brown
  Andrew Gillham
  Andy Hagans
  Antonio Larripa
  Arend Harrewijne
  Armijn Hemel
  Atsushi YOKOYAMA
  Avalon Computer Systems
  Bay Area Internet Solutions
  Ben Collver
  Benoit Lepage
  Bernhard Moellemann
  Bill Coldwell
  Bill Sommerfeld
  Bill Squier
  Brad Salai
  Brains Corporation, Japan
  Brian Carlstrom
  Brian McGroarty
  Brian Mitchell
  Canada Connect Corporation
  Carl Shapiro
  Castor Fu
  Central Iowa (Model) Railroad
  Charles Conn
  Charles D. Cranor
  Charles M. Hannum
  Chris Legrow
  Chris Townsend
  Christer O. Andersson
  Christopher G. Demetriou
  Christos Zoulas
  Chuck Silvers
  Cologne Chip AG
  Computer und Literatur Verlag
  Computertechnik Krienke & Nolte
  Computing Services Department, The University of Liverpool
  Convert Tools
  Co-operative Research Centre for Enterprise Distributed
  Curt Sampson
  DAYOMON from Japan
  Damicon Kraa, Finland
  Daniel de Kok
  Dave Burgess
  Dave Rand
  Dave Tyson
  David Brownlee
  Dayton Clark
  Demon Internet, UK
  Derek Fellion
  Digital Equipment Corporation
  Distributed Processing Technology
  Distro Jockey
  Douglas J. Trainor
  Dr.ir. F.W. Dillema
  Easynet, UK
  Ed Braaten
  Edward Richley
  emuty
  Eric and Rosemary Spahr
  Erik Berls
  Erik E. Fair
  Erkki Ruohtula
  Ernst Lehmann
  Espen Randen
  Ewald Kicker
  Florent Parent
  Frank Kardel
  Free Hardware Foundation
  Front Range *BSD User Group
  FUKAUMI Naoki
  Gan Uesli Starling
  Garth R. Patil
  Geert Hendrickx (ghen)
  Geert Jan de Groot
  GK Meier
  Gordon Zaft
  Grant Beattie
  Greg Gingerich
  Greg Girczyc
  Guenther Grau
  HP Sweden
  Hanno Wagner
  Hans Huebner
  Harald Koerfgen
  Haroon Khalid
  Harry McDonald
  Hauke Fath
  Heiko W. Rupp
  Herb Peyerl
  Hernani Marques Madeira
  Hidekichi Ookubo
  Hideyuki Kido
  Hisashi Fujinaka
  Holger Weiss
  Hubert Feyrer
  IBM Corporation
  IMAI Kiyoshi
  Innovation Development Enterprises of America
  Intel
  Internet Software Consortium
  Internet Users Forever IKI
  Interoute Telecommunications, UK
  JNUG (raised at JNUG meeting & BOF August 2005)
  James Bursa
  James Chacon
  Jan Joris Vereijken
  Jason Birnschein
  Jason Brazile
  Jason R. Thorpe
  Jeff Rizzo
  Jeff Woodall - Portland, OR
  Jens Schoenfeld
  Jim Wise
  Joachim Nink
  Joachim Thiemann
  Joel CARNAT
  John Heasley
  John Kohl
  John P. Refling
  Jonathan P. Kay
  Jordan K. Hubbard
  Jorgen Lundman
  Karl Wagner
  Kenji Hisazumi
  Kenneth Alan Hornstein
  Kenneth P. Stox
  Kevin Keith Woo
  Kevin Sullivan
  Klaus Lichti
  Kimmo Suominen
  Korea BSD User Forum
  Krister Waldfridsson
  Kwok Ng
  Lars Mathiassen
  Lehmanns Fachbochhandlung
  Lex Wennmacher
  LinuxFest Northwest
  Luke Maurits
  Luke Mewburn
  MS Macro System GmbH, Germany
  Maki Kato
  Marc Tooley
  Marcus Wyremblewski
  Mark Brinicombe
  Mark Houde
  Mark Perkins
  Mark S. Thomas
  Mason Loring Bliss
  Martin Cernohorsky
  Martin J. Ekendahl
  Matt Dainty
  Matt Thomas
  Matthew Jacob
  Matthew Sporleder
  Matthias Scheler
  Mattias Karlsson
  Mel Kravitz
  Michael Graff
  Michael "Kvedulv" Moll
  Michael L. Hitch
  Michael Richardson
  Michael Thompson
  Michael W. James
  Mike Price
  Mirko Thiesen (Thiesi)
  Murphy Software BV, Netherlands
  Neil J. McRae
  Noah M. Keiserman
  Norman R. McBride
  Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility, NASA Ames Research
  Olaf "Rhialto" Seibert
  Oliver Cahagne
  Oppedahl & Larson LLP
  Palle Lyckegaard
  Paul Ripke
  Paul Southworth
  Pawel Rogocz
  Pearson Education
  Perry E. Metzger
  Petar Bogdanovic
  Peter C. Wallace
  Peter J. Bui
  Peter Postma
  Petri T. Koistinen
  Phil Thomas
  Piermont Information Systems Inc.
  Pierre-Philipp Braun
  Precedence Technologies Ltd
  Public Access Networks Corporation
  Ralph Campbell
  Randy Ray
  Real Weasel
  Reinoud Zandijk
  Renewed Health Company
  Richard Nelson
  Rob Windsor
  Robert Pankratz
  Robert Thille
  Roland Lichti
  Ross Harvey
  Ryan Campbell
  SDF Public Access Unix, Inc. 501(c)(7)
  SMC Networks Inc.
  Salient Systems Inc.
  Sander van Dijk
  Scott Ellis
  Scott Kaplan
  Scott Walters
  Sean Davis
  Simon Burge
  Soren Jacobsen
  Soren Jorvang
  Stephen Borrill
  Stephen Early
  Steve Allen
  Steve Wadlow
  Steven M. Bellovin
  SunROOT# Project
  Sylvain Schmitz
  Takahiro Kambe
  TAKEUCHI Yoji
  Tamotsu Kanoh
  Tasis Michalakopoulos (Athens, Greece)
  Tatoku Ogaito
  Ted Lemon
  Ted Spradley
  The Names Database
  The NetBSD Mission
  The People's Republic of Ames
  Thierry Lacoste
  Thierry Laronde
  Thomas Runge
  Thor Lancelot Simon
  Tim Law
  Timo Scholer
  Tino Hanich
  Tino Wildenhain
  Tom Coulter
  Tom Ivar Helbekkmo
  Tom Lyon
  Tomas Dabasinskas
  Torsten Harenberg
  Toru Nishimura
  Toshiba
  Turbocat's Development
  Tyler Sarna
  UTN Web Directory
  VMC Harald Frank, Germany
  Warped Communications, Inc.
  Wasabi Systems, Inc.
  Whitecross Database Systems Ltd.
  William Gnadt
  Worria Affordable Web Hosting
  Worria Web Hosting
  wwwTrace Traceroute Server Directory
  Yusuke Yokota
  Zach Metzinger
  

  (If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you wanted to be listed.)

  - Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into developing NetBSD since its inception in January, 1993. (Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. If you're one of them, and would like to mentioned, tell us!)

  We are...

  (in alphabetical order)

  
  

  The NetBSD core group:
  	Allen Briggs	briggs@NetBSD.org
  	Matt Thomas	matt@NetBSD.org
  	Valeriy E. Ushakov	uwe@NetBSD.org
  	YAMAMOTO Takashi	yamt@NetBSD.org
  	Christos Zoulas	christos@NetBSD.org
  The portmasters (and their ports):
  		Ta
  	Allen Briggs	briggs@NetBSD.org	sandpoint
  	Anders Magnusson	ragge@NetBSD.org	vax
  	Andrey Petrov	petrov@NetBSD.org	sparc64
  	Ben Harris	bjh21@NetBSD.org	acorn26
  	Chris Gilbert	chris@NetBSD.org	cats
  	Christian Limpach	cl@NetBSD.org	xen
  	Eduardo Horvath	eeh@NetBSD.org	evbppc
  	Frank van der Linden	fvdl@NetBSD.org	amd64
  	Frank van der Linden	fvdl@NetBSD.org	i386
  	Gavan Fantom	gavan@NetBSD.org	iyonix
  	IWAMOTO Toshihiro	toshii@NetBSD.org	hpcarm
  	Ichiro Fukuhara	ichiro@NetBSD.org	hpcarm
  	Ignatios Souvatzis	is@NetBSD.org	amiga
  	Izumi Tsutsui	tsutsui@NetBSD.org	hp300
  	Izumi Tsutsui	tsutsui@NetBSD.org	news68k
  	Jason Thorpe	thorpej@NetBSD.org	algor
  	Jason Thorpe	thorpej@NetBSD.org	evbarm
  	Jason Thorpe	thorpej@NetBSD.org	shark
  	Jeremy Cooper	jeremy@NetBSD.org	sun3
  	Jonathan Stone	jonathan@NetBSD.org	pmax
  	Julian Coleman	jdc@NetBSD.org	atari
  	Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino	itojun@NetBSD.org	evbsh3
  	Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino	itojun@NetBSD.org	mmeye
  	Kazuki Sakamoto	sakamoto@NetBSD.org	bebox
  	Lennart Augustsson	augustss@NetBSD.org	pmppc
  	Marcus Comstedt	marcus@NetBSD.org	dreamcast
  	Martin Husemann	martin@NetBSD.org	sparc64
  	Matt DeBergalis	deberg@NetBSD.org	next68k
  	Matt Fredette	fredette@NetBSD.org	hp700
  	Matt Fredette	fredette@NetBSD.org	sun2
  	Matt Thomas	matt@NetBSD.org	alpha
  	Matt Thomas	matt@NetBSD.org	netwinder
  	Matthias Drochner	drochner@NetBSD.org	cesfic
  	NISHIMURA Takeshi	nsmrtks@NetBSD.org	x68k
  	NONAKA Kimihiro	nonaka@NetBSD.org	prep
  	Nathan Williams	nathanw@NetBSD.org	sun3
  	Noriyuki Soda	soda@NetBSD.org	arc
  	Paul Kranenburg	pk@NetBSD.org	sparc
  	Phil Nelson	phil@NetBSD.org	pc532
  	Reinoud Zandijk	reinoud@NetBSD.org	acorn32
  	Ross Harvey	ross@NetBSD.org	alpha
  	Søren Jørvang	soren@NetBSD.org	cobalt
  	Søren Jørvang	soren@NetBSD.org	sgimips
  	Scott Reynolds	scottr@NetBSD.org	mac68k
  	Shin Takemura	takemura@NetBSD.org	hpcmips
  	Simon Burge	simonb@NetBSD.org	evbmips
  	Simon Burge	simonb@NetBSD.org	evbppc
  	Simon Burge	simonb@NetBSD.org	pmax
  	Simon Burge	simonb@NetBSD.org	sbmips
  	Steve Woodford	scw@NetBSD.org	evbsh5
  	Steve Woodford	scw@NetBSD.org	mvme68k
  	Steve Woodford	scw@NetBSD.org	mvmeppc
  	Tohru Nishimura	nisimura@NetBSD.org	luna68k
  	Tsubai Masanari	tsubai@NetBSD.org	macppc
  	Tsubai Masanari	tsubai@NetBSD.org	newsmips
  	UCHIYAMA Yasushi	uch@NetBSD.org	hpcsh
  	UCHIYAMA Yasushi	uch@NetBSD.org	playstation2
  	Wayne Knowles	wdk@NetBSD.org	mipsco
  	Wolfgang Solfrank	ws@NetBSD.org	ofppc
  The NetBSD 3.0.2 Release Engineering team:
  	Grant Beattie	grant@NetBSD.org
  	Erik Berls	cyber@NetBSD.org
  	James Chacon	jmc@NetBSD.org
  	Julian Coleman	jdc@NetBSD.org
  	Håvard Eidnes	he@NetBSD.org
  	Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino	itojun@NetBSD.org
  	Geert Hendrickx	ghen@NetBSD.org
  	Soren Jacobsen	snj@NetBSD.org
  	SAITOH Masanobu	msaitoh@NetBSD.org
  	Luke Mewburn	lukem@NetBSD.org
  	Jeff Rizzo	riz@NetBSD.org
  	Matthias Scheler	tron@NetBSD.org
  	Curt Sampson	cjs@NetBSD.org
  	Jim Wise	jwise@NetBSD.org
  NetBSD Developers:
  	Nathan Ahlstrom	nra@NetBSD.org
  	Steve Allen	wormey@NetBSD.org
  	Jukka Andberg	jandberg@NetBSD.org
  	Julian Assange	proff@NetBSD.org
  	Lennart Augustsson	augustss@NetBSD.org
  	Christoph Badura	bad@NetBSD.org
  	Bang Jun-Young	junyoung@NetBSD.org
  	Dieter Baron	dillo@NetBSD.org
  	Robert V. Baron	rvb@NetBSD.org
  	Grant Beattie	grant@NetBSD.org
  	Jason Beegan	jtb@NetBSD.org
  	Erik Berls	cyber@NetBSD.org
  	Hiroyuki Bessho	bsh@NetBSD.org
  	John Birrell	jb@NetBSD.org
  	Mason Loring Bliss	mason@NetBSD.org
  	Charles Blundell	cb@NetBSD.org
  	Rafal Boni	rafal@NetBSD.org
  	Sean Boudreau	seanb@NetBSD.org
  	Manuel Bouyer	bouyer@NetBSD.org
  	John Brezak	brezak@NetBSD.org
  	Allen Briggs	briggs@NetBSD.org
  	Mark Brinicombe	mark@NetBSD.org
  	Aaron Brown	abrown@NetBSD.org
  	Andrew Brown	atatat@NetBSD.org
  	David Brownlee	abs@NetBSD.org
  	Frederick Bruckman	fredb@NetBSD.org
  	Jon Buller	jonb@NetBSD.org
  	Simon Burge	simonb@NetBSD.org
  	Robert Byrnes	byrnes@NetBSD.org
  	D'Arcy J.M. Cain	darcy@NetBSD.org
  	Dave Carrel	carrel@NetBSD.org
  	Daniel Carosone	dan@NetBSD.org
  	James Chacon	jmc@NetBSD.org
  	Bill Coldwell	billc@NetBSD.org
  	Julian Coleman	jdc@NetBSD.org
  	Ben Collver	ben@NetBSD.org
  	Jeremy Cooper	jeremy@NetBSD.org
  	Chuck Cranor	chuck@NetBSD.org
  	Alistair Crooks	agc@NetBSD.org
  	Aidan Cully	aidan@NetBSD.org
  	Johan Danielsson	joda@NetBSD.org
  	John Darrow	jdarrow@NetBSD.org
  	Jed Davis	jld@NetBSD.org
  	Matt DeBergalis	deberg@NetBSD.org
  	Rob Deker	deker@NetBSD.org
  	Chris G. Demetriou	cgd@NetBSD.org
  	Tracy Di Marco White	gendalia@NetBSD.org
  	Jaromír Dolecek	jdolecek@NetBSD.org
  	Andy Doran	ad@NetBSD.org
  	Roland Dowdeswell	elric@NetBSD.org
  	Emmanuel Dreyfus	manu@NetBSD.org
  	Matthias Drochner	drochner@NetBSD.org
  	Jun Ebihara	jun@NetBSD.org
  	Elad Efrat	elad@NetBSD.org
  	Håvard Eidnes	he@NetBSD.org
  	Stoned Elipot	seb@NetBSD.org
  	Michael van Elst	mlelstv@NetBSD.org
  	Enami Tsugutomo	enami@NetBSD.org
  	Bernd Ernesti	veego@NetBSD.org
  	Erik Fair	fair@NetBSD.org
  	Gavan Fantom	gavan@NetBSD.org
  	Hubert Feyrer	hubertf@NetBSD.org
  	Jason R. Fink	jrf@NetBSD.org
  	Matt Fredette	fredette@NetBSD.org
  	Thorsten Frueauf	frueauf@NetBSD.org
  	Castor Fu	castor@NetBSD.org
  	Ichiro Fukuhara	ichiro@NetBSD.org
  	Quentin Garnier	cube@NetBSD.org
  	Thomas Gerner	thomas@NetBSD.org
  	Simon J. Gerraty	sjg@NetBSD.org
  	Justin Gibbs	gibbs@NetBSD.org
  	Chris Gilbert	chris@NetBSD.org
  	Eric Gillespie	epg@NetBSD.org
  	Adam Glass	glass@NetBSD.org
  	Michael Graff	explorer@NetBSD.org
  	Brian C. Grayson	bgrayson@NetBSD.org
  	Matthew Green	mrg@NetBSD.org
  	Andreas Gustafsson	gson@NetBSD.org
  	Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino	itojun@NetBSD.org
  	Juergen Hannken-Illjes	hannken@NetBSD.org
  	Charles M. Hannum	mycroft@NetBSD.org
  	Ben Harris	bjh21@NetBSD.org
  	Ross Harvey	ross@NetBSD.org
  	Eric Haszlakiewicz	erh@NetBSD.org
  	John Hawkinson	jhawk@NetBSD.org
  	HAMAJIMA Katsuomi	hamajima@NetBSD.org
  	HAYAKAWA Koichi	haya@NetBSD.org
  	John Heasley	heas@NetBSD.org
  	Geert Hendrickx	ghen@NetBSD.org
  	René Hexel	rh@NetBSD.org
  	Kouichirou Hiratsuka	hira@NetBSD.org
  	Michael L. Hitch	mhitch@NetBSD.org
  	Christian E. Hopps	chopps@NetBSD.org
  	Ken Hornstein	kenh@NetBSD.org
  	Marc Horowitz	marc@NetBSD.org
  	Eduardo Horvath	eeh@NetBSD.org
  	Nick Hudson	skrll@NetBSD.org
  	Shell Hung	shell@NetBSD.org
  	Martin Husemann	martin@NetBSD.org
  	Dean Huxley	dean@NetBSD.org
  	Love Hörnquist Åstrand	lha@NetBSD.org
  	Bernardo Innocenti	bernie@NetBSD.org
  	Tetsuya Isaki	isaki@NetBSD.org
  	ITOH Yasufumi	itohy@NetBSD.org
  	IWAMOTO Toshihiro	toshii@NetBSD.org
  	Matthew Jacob	mjacob@NetBSD.org
  	Soren Jacobsen	snj@NetBSD.org
  	Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj	lonhyn@NetBSD.org
  	Darrin Jewell	dbj@NetBSD.org
  	Chris Jones	cjones@NetBSD.org
  	Søren Jørvang	soren@NetBSD.org
  	Takahiro Kambe	taca@NetBSD.org
  	Antti Kantee	pooka@NetBSD.org
  	Masanori Kanaoka	kanaoka@NetBSD.org
  	Frank Kardel	kardel@NetBSD.org
  	Mattias Karlsson	keihan@NetBSD.org
  	KAWAMOTO Yosihisa	kawamoto@NetBSD.org
  	Mario Kemper	magick@NetBSD.org
  	Min Sik Kim	minskim@NetBSD.org
  	Thomas Klausner	wiz@NetBSD.org
  	Klaus Klein	kleink@NetBSD.org
  	John Klos	jklos@NetBSD.org
  	Wayne Knowles	wdk@NetBSD.org
  	Takayoshi Kochi	kochi@NetBSD.org
  	John Kohl	jtk@NetBSD.org
  	Daniel de Kok	daniel@NetBSD.org
  	Paul Kranenburg	pk@NetBSD.org
  	Martti Kuparinen	martti@NetBSD.org
  	Kentaro A. Kurahone	kurahone@NetBSD.org
  	Kevin Lahey	kml@NetBSD.org
  	Johnny C. Lam	jlam@NetBSD.org
  	Martin J. Laubach	mjl@NetBSD.org
  	Greg Lehey	grog@NetBSD.org
  	Ted Lemon	mellon@NetBSD.org
  	Christian Limpach	cl@NetBSD.org
  	Frank van der Linden	fvdl@NetBSD.org
  	Joel Lindholm	joel@NetBSD.org
  	Mike Long	mikel@NetBSD.org
  	Michael Lorenz	macallan@NetBSD.org
  	Warner Losh	imp@NetBSD.org
  	Tomasz Luchowski	zuntum@NetBSD.org
  	Federico Lupi	federico@NetBSD.org
  	Brett Lymn	blymn@NetBSD.org
  	Paul Mackerras	paulus@NetBSD.org
  	Anders Magnusson	ragge@NetBSD.org
  	MAEKAWA Masahide	gehenna@NetBSD.org
  	David Maxwell	david@NetBSD.org
  	Dan McMahill	dmcmahill@NetBSD.org
  	Gregory McGarry	gmcgarry@NetBSD.org
  	Jared D. McNeill	jmcneill@NetBSD.org
  	Neil J. McRae	neil@NetBSD.org
  	Perry Metzger	perry@NetBSD.org
  	Simas Mockevicius	symka@NetBSD.org
  	Juan Romero Pardines	xtraeme@NetBSD.org
  	Julio M. Merino Vidal	jmmv@NetBSD.org
  	Minoura Makoto	minoura@NetBSD.org
  	Luke Mewburn	lukem@NetBSD.org
  	der Mouse	mouse@NetBSD.org
  	Joseph Myers	jsm@NetBSD.org
  	Ken Nakata	kenn@NetBSD.org
  	Takeshi Nakayama	nakayama@NetBSD.org
  	Phil Nelson	phil@NetBSD.org
  	John Nemeth	jnemeth@NetBSD.org
  	Bob Nestor	rnestor@NetBSD.org
  	NISHIMURA Takeshi	nsmrtks@NetBSD.org
  	Tohru Nishimura	nisimura@NetBSD.org
  	NONAKA Kimihiro	nonaka@NetBSD.org
  	Takehiko NOZAKI	tnozaki@NetBSD.org
  	Jesse Off	joff@NetBSD.org
  	Tatoku Ogaito	tacha@NetBSD.org
  	OKANO Takayoshi	kano@NetBSD.org
  	Masaru Oki	oki@NetBSD.org
  	Atsushi Onoe	onoe@NetBSD.org
  	Greg Oster	oster@NetBSD.org
  	Jonathan Perkin	sketch@NetBSD.org
  	Herb Peyerl	hpeyerl@NetBSD.org
  	Matthias Pfaller	matthias@NetBSD.org
  	Chris Pinnock	cjep@NetBSD.org
  	Adrian Portelli	adrianp@NetBSD.org
  	Rui Paulo	rpaulo@NetBSD.org
  	Peter Postma	peter@NetBSD.org
  	Dante Profeta	dante@NetBSD.org
  	Chris Provenzano	proven@NetBSD.org
  	Niels Provos	provos@NetBSD.org
  	Michael Rauch	mrauch@NetBSD.org
  	Marc Recht	recht@NetBSD.org
  	Darren Reed	darrenr@NetBSD.org
  	Jeremy C. Reed	reed@NetBSD.org
  	Antoine Reilles	tonio@NetBSD.org
  	Tyler R. Retzlaff	rtr@NetBSD.org
  	Scott Reynolds	scottr@NetBSD.org
  	Michael Richardson	mcr@NetBSD.org
  	Tim Rightnour	garbled@NetBSD.org
  	Jeff Rizzo	riz@NetBSD.org
  	Gordon Ross	gwr@NetBSD.org
  	Steve Rumble	rumble@NetBSD.org
  	Ilpo Ruotsalainen	lonewolf@NetBSD.org
  	Heiko W. Rupp	hwr@NetBSD.org
  	David Sainty	dsainty@NetBSD.org
  	SAITOH Masanobu	msaitoh@NetBSD.org
  	Kazuki Sakamoto	sakamoto@NetBSD.org
  	Curt Sampson	cjs@NetBSD.org
  	Wilfredo Sanchez	wsanchez@NetBSD.org
  	Ty Sarna	tsarna@NetBSD.org
  	SATO Kazumi	sato@NetBSD.org
  	Jan Schaumann	jschauma@NetBSD.org
  	Matthias Scheler	tron@NetBSD.org
  	Karl Schilke (rAT)	rat@NetBSD.org
  	Amitai Schlair	schmonz@NetBSD.org
  	Konrad Schroder	perseant@NetBSD.org
  	Georg Schwarz	schwarz@NetBSD.org
  	Lubomir Sedlacik	salo@NetBSD.org
  	Christopher SEKIYA	sekiya@NetBSD.org
  	Reed Shadgett	dent@NetBSD.org
  	John Shannon	shannonjr@NetBSD.org
  	Tim Shepard	shep@NetBSD.org
  	Takeshi Shibagaki	shiba@NetBSD.org
  	Naoto Shimazaki	igy@NetBSD.org
  	Takao Shinohara	shin@NetBSD.org
  	Takuya SHIOZAKI	tshiozak@NetBSD.org
  	Chuck Silvers	chs@NetBSD.org
  	Thor Lancelot Simon	tls@NetBSD.org
  	Jeff Smith	jeffs@NetBSD.org
  	Noriyuki Soda	soda@NetBSD.org
  	Wolfgang Solfrank	ws@NetBSD.org
  	SOMEYA Yoshihiko	someya@NetBSD.org
  	Bill Sommerfeld	sommerfeld@NetBSD.org
  	Jörg Sonnenberger	joerg@NetBSD.org
  	Ignatios Souvatzis	is@NetBSD.org
  	Bill Squier	groo@NetBSD.org
  	Jonathan Stone	jonathan@NetBSD.org
  	Bill Studenmund	wrstuden@NetBSD.org
  	Kevin Sullivan	sullivan@NetBSD.org
  	SUNAGAWA Keiki	kei@NetBSD.org
  	Kimmo Suominen	kim@NetBSD.org
  	Shin Takemura	takemura@NetBSD.org
  	TAMURA Kent	kent@NetBSD.org
  	Shin'ichiro TAYA	taya@NetBSD.org
  	Ian Lance Taylor	ian@NetBSD.org
  	Matt Thomas	matt@NetBSD.org
  	Jason Thorpe	thorpej@NetBSD.org
  	Christoph Toshok	toshok@NetBSD.org
  	Greg Troxel	gdt@NetBSD.org
  	Tsubai Masanari	tsubai@NetBSD.org
  	Izumi Tsutsui	tsutsui@NetBSD.org
  	UCHIYAMA Yasushi	uch@NetBSD.org
  	Masao Uebayashi	uebayasi@NetBSD.org
  	Shuichiro URATA	ur@NetBSD.org
  	Todd Vierling	tv@NetBSD.org
  	Aymeric Vincent	aymeric@NetBSD.org
  	Paul Vixie	vixie@NetBSD.org
  	Mike M. Volokhov	mishka@NetBSD.org
  	Krister Walfridsson	kristerw@NetBSD.org
  	Lex Wennmacher	wennmach@NetBSD.org
  	Leo Weppelman	leo@NetBSD.org
  	Assar Westerlund	assar@NetBSD.org
  	Todd Whitesel	toddpw@NetBSD.org
  	Nathan Williams	nathanw@NetBSD.org
  	Rob Windsor	windsor@NetBSD.org
  	Dan Winship	danw@NetBSD.org
  	Jim Wise	jwise@NetBSD.org
  	Michael Wolfson	mbw@NetBSD.org
  	Steve Woodford	scw@NetBSD.org
  	Colin Wood	ender@NetBSD.org
  	YAMAMOTO Takashi	yamt@NetBSD.org
  	Yuji Yamano	yyamano@NetBSD.org
  	Reinoud Zandijk	reinoud@NetBSD.org
  	S.P.Zeidler	spz@NetBSD.org
  	Maria Zevenhoven	maria7@NetBSD.org
  	Christos Zoulas	christos@NetBSD.org
  Other contributors:
  	Dave Burgess	burgess@cynjut.infonet.net
  	Brian R. Gaeke	brg@dgate.org
  	Brad Grantham	grantham@tenon.com
  	Lawrence Kesteloot	kesteloo@cs.unc.edu
  	Waldi Ravens	waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net

  Legal Mumbo-Jumbo

  All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

  The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of the software that we have mentioned in this document:

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  This product includes software developed by Harvard University and its contributors.

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  This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone.

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  This product includes software developed by Klaus Burkert,by Bernd Ernesti, by Michael van Elst, and by the University of California, Berkeley and its contributors.

  This product includes software developed by LAN Media Corporation and its contributors.

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  his product includes software developed by the PocketBSD project and its contributors.

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  This product includes software developed by the University of California, Berkeley and its contributors, as well as the Trustees of Columbia University.

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  This product includes software developed by the University of Vermont and State Agricultural College and Garrett A. Wollman, by William F. Jolitz, and by the University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, and its contributors.

  This product includes software developed for the FreeBSD project

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  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Christopher G. Demetriou.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Christos Zoulas

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  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Frank van der Linden

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Ignatios Souvatzis.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Jason R. Thorpe.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by John M. Vinopal.

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  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Michael L. Hitch.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Perry E. Metzger.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Scott Bartram and Frank van der Linden

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Allegro Networks, Inc., and Wasabi Systems, Inc.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Genetec Corporation.

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  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by SUNET, Swedish University Computer Network.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Shigeyuki Fukushima.

  This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Wasabi Systems, Inc.

  This product includes software developed under OpenBSD by Per Fogelstrom Opsycon AB for RTMX Inc, North Carolina, USA.

  This product includes software developed under OpenBSD by Per Fogelstrom.

  This software is a component of "386BSD" developed by William F. Jolitz, TeleMuse.

  This software was developed by Holger Veit and Brian Moore for use with "386BSD" and similar operating systems. "Similar operating systems" includes mainly non-profit oriented systems for research and education, including but not restricted to "NetBSD", "FreeBSD", "Mach" (by CMU).

  This software includes software developed by the Computer Systems Laboratory at the University of Utah.

  This product includes software developed by Computing Services at Carnegie Mellon University (http://www.cmu.edu/computing/).

  This product includes software developed by Advanced Risc Machines Ltd.

  This product includes software developed by Neil Carson.

  This product includes software developed by the RiscBSD kernel team.

  This product includes software developed by Scott Stevens.

  The End