August 22, 2004 INSTALL 8 NetBSD

NAME

INSTALL - Installation procedure for NetBSD/evbarm.

CONTENTS 

                                                              

 About this Document............................................2
 What is NetBSD?................................................3
 Changes Between The NetBSD 2.0 and 3.0 Releases................3
    Supported platforms and machines............................3
    Supported devices...........................................3
    Kernel......................................................5
    Networking..................................................6
    File system.................................................6
    Libraries...................................................6
    Security....................................................7
    System administration and user tools........................7
    Miscellaneous...............................................7
    evbarm specific.............................................8
 The Future of NetBSD...........................................8
 Sources of NetBSD..............................................8
 NetBSD 3.0 Release Contents....................................8
    NetBSD/evbarm subdirectory structure.......................10
    Binary distribution sets...................................10
 NetBSD/evbarm System Requirements and Supported Devices.......12
    Supported devices (Technologic Systems TS-7200)............12
       TS-5620 Real Time Clock.................................12
       Serial ports............................................12
       Ethernet adapters.......................................12
       Other on-board functions................................12
    Supported devices (ARM, Ltd. Integrator)...................12
       PrimeCell PL030 Real Time Clock.........................12
       Serial ports............................................12
       SCSI host adapters......................................12
       Ethernet adapters.......................................12
    Supported devices (Intel IQ80310)..........................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
       i80312 Companion I/O functions..........................13
    Supported devices (Intel IQ80321)..........................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
       i80321 I/O Processor functions..........................13
    Supported devices (Team ASA Npwr)..........................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       SCSI host adapters......................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
    Supported devices (Intel IXM1200)..........................13
       Serial ports............................................13
       Ethernet adapters.......................................13
    Supported devices (Samsung SMDK2800).......................13
       Serial ports............................................13
    Supported devices (ADI BRH)................................14
       Serial ports............................................14
       Ethernet adapters.......................................14
 Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media..................14
 Preparing your System for NetBSD installation.................16
    Preparation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200............16
    Preparation for the Intel IQ80310..........................17
    Preparation for the Intel IQ80321..........................19
 Installing the NetBSD System..................................21
    Installation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200...........21
    Installation for the Intel IQ80310.........................21
    Installation for the Intel IQ80321.........................22
 Post installation steps.......................................24
 Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System................26
 Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases............26
    Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older......26
 Using online NetBSD documentation.............................27
 Administrivia.................................................27
 Thanks go to..................................................28
 We are........................................................33
 Legal Mumbo-Jumbo.............................................39
 The End.......................................................45

DESCRIPTION

About this Document

This document describes the installation procedure for NetBSD3.0 on the evbarm platform. It is available in four different formats titled INSTALL.ext, where .ext is one of .ps, .html, .more, or .txt:

.ps
PostScript.

.html
Standard Internet HTML.

.more
The enhanced text format used on UNIX-like systems by the more(1) and less(1) pager utility programs. This is the format in which the on-line man pages are generally presented.

.txt
Plain old ASCII.

You are reading the HTML version.

What is NetBSD?

The NetBSD Operating System is a fully functional Open Source UNIX-like operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. NetBSD runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports), featuring seventeen machine architectures across fifteen distinct CPU families, and is being ported to more. The NetBSD3.0 release contains complete binary releases for many different system architectures. (A few ports are not fully supported at this time and are thus not part of the binary distribution. For information on them, please see the NetBSD web site at http://www.NetBSD.org/.)

NetBSD is a completely integrated system. In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, NetBSD features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several languages, the X Window System, firewall software and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.

NetBSD is a creation of the members of the Internet community. Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes possible, it's likely that NetBSD wouldn't exist.

Changes Between The NetBSD 2.0 and 3.0 Releases

The NetBSD3.0 release provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes, new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land enhancements. The result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for production use that rivals most commercially available systems.

It is impossible to completely summarize a year of development that went into the NetBSD3.0 release. Some highlights include:

Supported platforms and machines
Supported devices
Kernel
Networking
File system
Libraries
Security
System administration and user tools
Miscellaneous

Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look for this trend to continue.

evbarm specific

This is the third major release of NetBSD/evbarm.

The Future of NetBSD

The NetBSD Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit organization. Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange of computer software, namely the NetBSD Operating System. The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties that wish to become involved in the NetBSD Project.

The NetBSD Foundation will help improve the quality of NetBSD by:

We intend to begin narrowing the time delay between releases. Our ambition is to provide a full release every six to eight months.

We hope to support even more hardware in the future, and we have a rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve NetBSD.

We intend to continue our current practice of making the NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis.

We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the usability of the system.

Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be responsive to the needs and desires of NetBSD users, because it is for and because of them that NetBSD exists.

Sources of NetBSD

Refer to http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/.

NetBSD 3.0 Release Contents

The root directory of the NetBSD3.0 release is organized as follows:

.../NetBSD-3.0/

CHANGES
Changes since earlier NetBSD releases.

LAST_MINUTE
Last minute changes.

MIRRORS
A list of sites that mirror the NetBSD3.0 distribution.

README.files
README describing the distribution's contents.

TODO
NetBSD's todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date).

patches/
Post-release source code patches.

source/
Source distribution sets; see below.

In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which NetBSD3.0 has a binary distribution.

The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the source subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the complete sources to the system. The source distribution sets are as follows:

gnusrc
This set contains the ``gnu'' sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets.
79 MB gzipped, 367 MB uncompressed

pkgsrc
This set contains the ``pkgsrc'' sources, which contain the infrastructure to build third-party packages.
24 MB gzipped, 200 MB uncompressed

sharesrc
This set contains the ``share'' sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document set; the dictionaries; and more.
5 MB gzipped, 20 MB uncompressed

src
This set contains all of the base NetBSD3.0 sources which are not in gnusrc, sharesrc, or syssrc.
37 MB gzipped, 176 MB uncompressed

syssrc
This set contains the sources to the NetBSD3.0 kernel for all architectures; config(8); and dbsym(8).
26 MB gzipped, 140 MB uncompressed

xsrc
This set contains the sources to the X Window System.
84 MB gzipped, 450 MB uncompressed

All the above source sets are located in the source/sets subdirectory of the distribution tree.

The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. Except for the pkgsrc set, which is traditionally unpacked into /usr/pkgsrc, all sets may be unpacked into /usr/src with the command:
       #( cd / ; tar -zxpf - ) < set_name.tgz

In each of the source distribution set directories, there are files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory:

BSDSUM
Historic BSD checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum -o 1 file.

CKSUM
POSIX checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum file.

MD5
MD5 digests for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum-m file.

SYSVSUM
Historic AT&T System V UNIX checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
cksum -o 2 file.

The MD5 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the POSIX checksum. The other two checksums are provided only to ensure that the widest possible range of system can check the integrity of the release files.

NetBSD/evbarm subdirectory structure
The evbarm-specific portion of the NetBSD3.0 release is found in the evbarm subdirectory of the distribution: .../NetBSD-3.0/evbarm/. It contains the following files and directories:

INSTALL.html
INSTALL.ps
INSTALL.txt
INSTALL.more
Installation notes in various file formats, including this file. The .more file contains underlined text using the more(1) conventions for indicating italic and bold display.
binary/
kernel/
netbsd-GENERIC.gz
A gzipped NetBSD kernel containing code for everything supported in this release.
sets/
evbarm binary distribution sets; see below.
installation/
misc/
Binary distribution sets
The NetBSD evbarm binary distribution sets contain the binaries which comprise the NetBSD3.0 release for the evbarm. The binary distribution sets can be found in the evbarm/binary/sets subdirectory of the NetBSD3.0 distribution tree, and are as follows:

base
The NetBSD3.0 evbarm base binary distribution. You must install this distribution set. It contains the base NetBSD utilities that are necessary for the system to run and be minimally functional. It includes shared library support, and excludes everything described below.
18 MB gzipped, 50 MB uncompressed

comp
Things needed for compiling programs. This set includes the system include files (/usr/include) and the various system libraries (except the shared libraries, which are included as part of the base set). This set also includes the manual pages for all of the utilities it contains, as well as the system call and library manual pages.
21 MB gzipped, 76 MB uncompressed

etc
This distribution set contains the system configuration files that reside in /etc and in several other places. This set must be installed if you are installing the system from scratch, but should not be used if you are upgrading.
1 MB gzipped, 1 MB uncompressed

games
This set includes the games and their manual pages.
3 MB gzipped, 8 MB uncompressed

kern-INTEGRATOR
(see below)
4 MB gzipped, 10 MB uncompressed

kern-IQ80310
(see below)
20 MB gzipped, 54 MB uncompressed

kern-IQ80321
(see below)
21 MB gzipped, 55 MB uncompressed

kern-TEAMASA_NPWR

12 MB gzipped, 35 MB uncompressed

These sets contain a NetBSD/evbarm 3.0 kernel, named /netbsd. Some of these sets also contain a binary format kernel named /netbsd.bin and an S-record format kernel named /netbsd.srec that your firmware may need to boot. You must install the kernel that matches your hardware.

man
This set includes all of the manual pages for the binaries and other software contained in the base set. Note that it does not include any of the manual pages that are included in the other sets.
8 MB gzipped, 30 MB uncompressed

misc
This set includes the (rather large) system dictionaries, the typesettable document set, and other files from /usr/share.
3 MB gzipped, 9 MB uncompressed

text
This set includes NetBSD's text processing tools, including groff(1), all related programs, and their manual pages.
2 MB gzipped, 7 MB uncompressed

NetBSD maintains its own set of sources for the X Window System in order to assure tight integration and compatibility. These sources are based on XFree86, and tightly track XFree86 releases. They are currently equivalent to XFree86 4.4.0. Binary sets for the X Window System are distributed with NetBSD. The sets are:

xbase
The basic files needed for a complete X client environment. This does not include the X servers.
6 MB gzipped, 18 MB uncompressed

xcomp
The extra libraries and include files needed to compile X source code.
13 MB gzipped, 44 MB uncompressed

xfont
Fonts needed by X.
31 MB gzipped, 39 MB uncompressed

xetc
Configuration files for X which could be locally modified.
0.03 MB gzipped, 0.17 MB uncompressed

xserver
The X server.
4 MB gzipped, 9 MB uncompressed

The evbarm binary distribution sets are distributed as gzipped tar files named with the extension .tgz, e.g. base.tgz.

The instructions given for extracting the source sets work equally well for the binary sets, but it is worth noting that if you use that method, the filenames stored in the sets are relative and therefore the files are extracted below the current directory. Therefore, if you want to extract the binaries into your system, i.e. replace the system binaries with them, you have to run the tar -xpf command from the root directory ( / ) of your system. This utility is used only in a Traditional method installation.

Note:
Each directory in the evbarm binary distribution also has its own checksum files, just as the source distribution does.

NetBSD/evbarm System Requirements and Supported Devices

NetBSD3.0 runs on the following ARM architecture evaluation boards:

Supported devices (Technologic Systems TS-7200)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.
Supported devices (ARM, Ltd. Integrator)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.
Supported devices (Intel IQ80310)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.
Supported devices (Intel IQ80321)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.
Supported devices (Team ASA Npwr)
The Npwr is a storage appliance based on the Intel IOP310 I/O processor chipset. This is an exhaustive list of devices supported on the Npwr as the Npwr has no expansion capability.
Supported devices (Intel IXM1200)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.
Supported devices (Samsung SMDK2800)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.
Supported devices (ADI BRH)
For devices that have machine-independent drivers, this is not an exhaustive list, but merely reflects the devices that have been tested on this platform.

Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media

Note that if you are installing or upgrading from a writable media, the media can be write-protected if you wish. These systems mount a root image from inside the kernel, and will not need to write to the media. If you booted from a floppy, the floppy disk may be removed from the drive after the system has booted.

Installation is supported from several media types, including:

The steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for installation depend upon which installation medium you choose. The steps for the various media are outlined below.

CD-ROM / DVD
Find out where the distribution set files are on the CD-ROM or DVD. Likely locations are binary/sets and evbarm/binary/sets.

Proceed to the instruction on installation.

MS-DOS floppy
NetBSD doesn't include split sets to keep the distribution size down. They can be created on a seperate machine using the split(1) command, running e.g. split -b 235k base.tgz base. to split the base.tgz file from evbarm/binary/sets into files named base.aa, base.ab, and so on. Repeat this for all set_name.tgz files, splitting them into set_name.xx files. Count the number of set_name.xx files that make up the distribution sets you want to install or upgrade. You will need one sixth that number of 1.44 MB floppies.

Format all of the floppies with MS-DOS. Do not make any of them bootable MS-DOS floppies, i.e. don't use format /s to format them. (If the floppies are bootable, then the MS-DOS system files that make them bootable will take up some space, and you won't be able to fit the distribution set parts on the disks.) If you're using floppies that are formatted for MS-DOS by their manufacturers, they probably aren't bootable, and you can use them out of the box.

Place all of the set_name.xx files on the MS-DOS disks.

Once you have the files on MS-DOS disks, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

FTP
The preparations for this installation/upgrade method are easy; all you need to do is make sure that there's an FTP site from which you can retrieve the NetBSD distribution when you're about to install or upgrade. If you don't have DHCP available on your network, you will need to know the numeric IP address of that site, and, if it's not on a network directly connected to the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric IP address of the NetBSD machine itself. If you don't have access to a functioning nameserver during installation, the IPv4 address of ftp.NetBSD.org is 204.152.184.75 and the IPv6 address is 2001:4f8:4:7:2e0:81ff:fe21:6563 (as of June, 2004).

Once you have this information, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

Note:
This method of installation is recommended for those familiar with using BSD network configuration and management commands. If you aren't, this documentation should help, but is not intended to be all-encompassing.

NFS
Place the NetBSD distribution sets you wish to install into a directory on an NFS server, and make that directory mountable by the machine on which you are installing or upgrading NetBSD. This will probably require modifying the /etc/exports file on of the NFS server and resetting its mount daemon (mountd). (Both of these actions will probably require superuser privileges on the server.)

You need to know the numeric IP address of the NFS server, and, if you don't have DHCP available on your network and the server is not on a network directly connected to the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric IP address of the NetBSD machine itself.

Once the NFS server is set up properly and you have the information mentioned above, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.

Note:
This method of installation is recommended for those already familiar with using BSD network configuration and management commands. If you aren't, this documentation should help, but is not intended to be all-encompassing.

Tape
To install NetBSD from a tape, you need to make a tape that contains the distribution set files, in `tar' format.

If you're making the tape on a UNIX-like system, the easiest way to do so is probably something like:

       # tar -cf tape_device dist_directories

where tape_device is the name of the tape device that describes the tape drive you're using; possibly /dev/rst0, or something similar, but it will vary from system to system. (If you can't figure it out, ask your system administrator.) In the above example, dist_directories are the distribution sets' directories, for the distribution sets you wish to place on the tape. For instance, to put the misc, base, and etc distributions on tape (in order to do the absolute minimum installation to a new disk), you would do the following:


       # cd .../NetBSD-3.0
       # cd evbarm/binary
       # tar -cf tape_device misc etc kern

Note:
You still need to fill in tape_device in the example.

Once you have the files on the tape, you can proceed to the next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.


Preparing your System for NetBSD installation

First and foremost, before beginning the installation process, make sure you have a reliable backup of any data on the target system that you wish to keep. Mistakes in e.g. partitioning your hard disk may lead to data loss.

Preparation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200
The TS-7200 uses RedBoot firmware which supports loading the kernel via serial port and the on-chip Ethernet. These notes assume that the Ethernet will be used to load the kernel. RedBoot can either use TFTP or HTTP to load the kernel via the network.

These notes also assume the the TS-7200 will be run from the CompactFlash; that a FFS filesystem on the CompactFlash card will provide the root file system. The minimum size of the CompactFlash card is 64MB with 512MB being the recommended minimum size if attempting a full installation.

The first step to install NetBSD is to interrupt normal system bootup and drop to the RedBoot prompt by hitting Ctrl-C immediately after applying power. To load both the installation kernel and the generic post-installation TS7200 kernel you will need network connectivity from RedBoot which you will have to configure using the RedBoot fconfig command; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

A compressed kernel image and loader suitable for placing into flash is provided with the distribution. Use of this image is optional; a kernel that can be directly loaded over the network by RedBoot is also provided.

The image for the TS-7200 can be found under the NetBSD/evbarm 3.0 distribution directory in evbarm/binary/gzimg/gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000.gz, and corresponds to the kernel in evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-TS7200.gz. The following steps describe how to copy the compressed kernel image into flash.

  1. Uncompress the gzimg file and place it into the TFTP server's download area (note, the kernel inside the gzimg is still compressed after this step).

           server# gzcat gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000.gz > /tftpboot/gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000

  2. Load the gzimg from the TFTP server. 

    RedBoot> load -r -b 0x00200000 gzimg_TS7200_flash_0x60660000
Raw file loaded 0x00200000-0x00605fe0

  3. Use the RedBoot fis command to copy the image into flash. For more information on the RedBoot Flash Image System, see the RedBoot documentation. The factory default Linux image may already be present in flash and must be deleted before continuing. 
    RedBoot> fis delete vmlinux
RedBoot> fis create -b 0x00200000 -f 0x60660000 -l 0x00160000 netbsd.gz

Once the compressed kernel image has been copied into flash, it may be started by jumping to the flash address of the image: 

RedBoot> g 0x60660000
Preparation for the Intel IQ80310
The IQ80310 uses RedBoot firmware from Red Hat, Inc. RedBoot supports loading the kernel via the serial port and the on-board Ethernet. These notes assume that the Ethernet will be used to load the kernel. RedBoot uses the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) to load the kernel via the network.

These notes also assume that the IQ80310 will be run as a diskless system; that an NFS server will provide the root file system. The NetBSD kernel uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to obtain network address and root file system information.

The first step is to configure your DHCP, NFS, and TFTP server software. You will need the MAC address for the on-board Ethernet, which RedBoot can provide; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

The next step is to configure RedBoot to obtain its IP address from your DHCP server; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

Once your DHCP server and RedBoot are properly configured, you should see information similar to the following when the IQ80310 is reset or powered-up: 

RedBoot(tm) debug environment - built 17:16:14, Feb 12 2001
Platform: IQ80310 (XScale)
Copyright (C) 2000, Red Hat, Inc.
                                                                                     

RAM: 0xa0000000-0xa2000000
FLASH: 0x00000000 - 0x00800000, 64 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
IP: 192.168.0.10, Default server: 192.168.0.1
RedBoot>

A compressed kernel image and loader suitable for placing into flash is provided with the distribution. Use of this image is optional; a kernel that can be directly loaded over the network by RedBoot is also provided.

The image for the IQ80310 can be found under the NetBSD/evbarm 3.0 distribution directory in evbarm/binary/gzimg/gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000.gz, and corresponds to the kernel in evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-IQ80310.gz. The following steps describe how to copy the compressed kernel image into flash.

  1. Uncompress the gzimg file and place it into the TFTP server's download area (note, the kernel inside the gzimg is still compressed after this step).


           server# gzcat gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000.gz > /tftpboot/gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000

  2. Load the gzimg from the TFTP server. 

    RedBoot> load -r -b 0xa0200000 gzimg_IQ80310_flash_0x00080000
Raw file loaded 0xa0200000-0xa0305fe0

  3. Use the RedBoot fis command to copy the image into flash. For more information on the RedBoot Flash Image System, see the RedBoot documentation. 
    RedBoot> fis create -b 0xa0200000 -f 0x00080000 -l 0x00200000 netbsd.gz
... Erase from 0x00080000-0x00280000: ....................
... Program from 0xa0200000-0xa0400000 at 0x00080000: ....................
... Unlock from 0x007e0000-0x00800000:.
... Erase from 0x007e0000-0x00800000:.
... Program from 0xa1fd0000-0xa1ff0000 at 0x007e0000:.
... Lock from 0x007e0000-0x00800000:.

Once the compressed kernel image has been copied into flash, it may be started by jumping to the flash address of the image: 

RedBoot> g 0x00080000
                                                                                     

>> NetBSD/IQ80310 Gzip Boot, Revision 1.1
>> (root@tgm, Thu Mar 28 18:32:45 PST 2002)
>> RAM 0xa0000000 - 0xafffffff, heap at 0xaffd0000
>> Load address: 0xa0200000
>> Image size: 741244
Uncompressing image...done.
Jumping to image @ 0xa0200000...
                                                                                     

NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80310) booting ...
Resetting secondary PCI bus...
initarm: Configuring system ...
physmemory: 65536 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xafffffff
init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
[ using 155084 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
    The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                     

NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80310) #20: Fri Mar 29 10:25:53 PST 2002
    root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80310
total memory = 256 MB
avail memory = 232 MB
using 1228 buffers containing 13208 KB of memory
mainbus0 (root)
cpu0 at mainbus0: i80200 step A-0 (XScale core)
cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
obio0 at mainbus0: board rev. F, CPLD rev. D, backplane present
com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe810000: ns16550a, working fifo
com0: console
com1 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80312 Companion I/O, acting as PCI host
iopxs0: configuring Secondary PCI bus
pci0 at iopxs0 bus 1
pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled
ppb0 at pci0 dev 7 function 0: Digital Equipment DECchip 21154 PCI-PCI Bridge (rev. 0x05)
pci1 at ppb0 bus 2
pci1: i/o space, memory space enabled
fxp0 at pci1 dev 0 function 0: i82559S Ethernet, rev 9
fxp0: interrupting at iq80310 irq 1
fxp0: Ethernet address 00:80:4d:46:0b:b9
inphy0 at fxp0 phy 1: i82555 10/100 media interface, rev. 4
inphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
boot device: <unknown>
root device:
Preparation for the Intel IQ80321
The IQ80321 uses RedBoot firmware from Red Hat, Inc. RedBoot supports loading the kernel via the serial port and the on-board Ethernet. These notes assume that the Ethernet will be used to load the kernel. RedBoot uses the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) to load the kernel via the network.

These notes also assume that the IQ80321 will be run as a diskless system; that an NFS server will provide the root file system. The NetBSD kernel uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to obtain network address and root file system information.

The first step is to configure your DHCP, NFS, and TFTP server software. You will need the MAC address for the on-board Ethernet, which RedBoot can provide; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

The next step is to configure RedBoot to obtain its IP address from your DHCP server; see the RedBoot documentation for more information.

Once your DHCP server and RedBoot are properly configured, you should see information similar to the following when the IQ80321 is reset or powered-up: 

Ethernet eth0: MAC address 00:07:e9:03:38:40
IP: 192.168.0.11, Default server: 192.168.0.1
                                                                                     

RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROM]
Non-certified release, version UNKNOWN - built 11:21:56, Feb  1 2002
                                                                                     

Platform: IQ80321 (XScale)
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, Red Hat, Inc.
                                                                                     

RAM: 0x00000000-0x08000000, 0x00017008-0x01ddd000 available
FLASH: 0xf0000000 - 0xf0800000, 64 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
RedBoot>

A compressed kernel image and loader suitable for placing into flash is provided with the distribution. Use of this image is optional; a kernel that can be directly loaded over the network by RedBoot is also provided.

The image for the IQ80321 can be found under the NetBSD/evbarm 3.0 distribution directory in evbarm/binary/gzimg/gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000.gz, and corresponds to the kernel in evbarm/binary/kernel/netbsd-IQ80321.gz. The following steps describe how to copy the compressed kernel image into flash.

  1. Uncompress the gzimg file and place it into the TFTP server's download area (note, the kernel inside the gzimg is still compressed after this step).


           server# gzcat gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000.gz > /tftpboot/gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000

  2. Load the gzimg from the TFTP server. 

    RedBoot> load -r -b 0x00200000 gzimg_IQ80321_flash_0xf0080000
Raw file loaded 0x00200000-0x00305fe4

  3. Use the RedBoot fis command to copy the image into flash. For more information on the RedBoot Flash Image System, see the RedBoot documentation. 
    RedBoot> fis create -b 0x00200000 -f 0xf0080000 -l 0x00200000 netbsd.gz
* CAUTION * about to program 'netbsd.gz'
            at 0xf0080000..0xf027ffff from 0x00200000 - are you sure (y/n)? y
... Erase from 0xf0080000-0xf0280000: .......................
... Program from 0x00200000-0x00400000 at 0xf0080000: ......................
... Unlock from 0xf07e0000-0xf0800000:.
... Erase from 0xf07e0000-0xf0800000:.
... Program from 0x01ddf000-0x01dff000 at 0xf07e0000:.
... Lock from 0xf07e0000-0xf0800000:.

Once the compressed kernel image has been copied into flash, it may be started by jumping to the flash address of the image: 

RedBoot> g 0xf0080000
                                                                                     

>> NetBSD/IQ80321 Gzip Boot, Revision 1.1
>> (root@tgm, Thu Mar 28 18:32:45 PST 2002)
>> RAM 0xa0000000 - 0xa7ffffff, heap at 0xa7fd0000
>> Load address: 0xa0200000
>> Image size: 739495
Uncompressing image...done.
Jumping to image @ 0xa0200000...
                                                                                     

NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80321) booting ...
initarm: Configuring system ...
physmemory: 32768 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xa7ffffff
init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
[ using 155076 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
    The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                     

NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80321) #1: Thu Mar 28 18:31:58 PST 2002
    root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80321
total memory = 128 MB
avail memory = 113 MB
using 1228 buffers containing 6656 KB of memory
mainbus0 (root)
cpu0 at mainbus0: i80321 step A-0 (XScale core)
cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
obio0 at mainbus0
com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
com0: console
iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80321 I/O Processor, acting as PCI host
iopxs0: configuring PCI bus
pci0 at iopxs0 bus 0
pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled, rd/line, rd/mult, wr/inv ok
wm0 at pci0 dev 4 function 0: Intel i82544 1000BASE-T Ethernet, rev. 2
wm0: interrupting at iop321 irq 27
wm0: Ethernet address 00:07:e9:03:38:40
makphy0 at wm0 phy 1: Marvell 88E1000 Gigabit PHY, rev. 0
makphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
boot device: <unknown>
root device:

Installing the NetBSD System

Installation for the Technologic Systems TS-7200
The following steps describe how to set up a CompactFlash card for the TS-7200. The TS-7200 can use the interactive installation program sysinst to perform an internet installation from ftp.netbsd.org on the CompactFlash.

  1. Place the netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.bin kernel into the TFTP server's download area. It must be decompressed from the gzipped image in the release directory evbarm/installation/instkernel/netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.srec.gz

           server# gunzip netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.srec.gz
           server# cp netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL.srec /tftpboot/netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL

  2. Load the kernel from the TFTP server. 

    RedBoot> load netbsd-TS7200_INSTALL

  3. Start the kernel running. 

    RedBoot> go

    The kernel will display boot messages, probe for devices, and invoke the interactive sysinst installation tool. Once sysinst has completed installation, the system will reboot back into RedBoot. If the preparation instructions above have been followed, the post-installation NetBSD kernel will be in the FIS ready to be jumped into. You can have RedBoot automatically start NetBSD by putting the command go 0x60660000 into the RedBoot bootscript using the fconfig command.

Installation for the Intel IQ80310
The following steps describe how to set up an NFS root environment for the IQ80310 and how to boot the IQ80310.

  1. Place the kernel into the TFTP server's download area.

    RedBoot only loads S-Records, so select a kernel with the ``.srec'' filename suffix. In this example, we will boot the kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet as the root device.


           server# cp netbsd-fxp0.srec /tftpboot/netbsd-iq80310-fxp0

  2. Unpack the distribution sets into the target's root directory.


           server# cd /export/client/iq80310
           server# gzcat .../base.tgz | tar xvpf -
           server# gzcat .../etc.tgz | tar xvpf -
           [repeat for all sets you wish to unpack]

  3. Load the kernel from the TFTP server. 

    RedBoot> load netbsd-iq80310-fxp0
Entry point: 0xa0200000, address range: 0xa0200000-0xa035e07c
RedBoot>

  4. Start the kernel running. The kernel will display boot message, probe for devices, and mount the root file system. If you used a kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet, it will attempt to mount the root file system automatically. Otherwise, it will prompt for the root device to use.

    Since the system's run-time environment has not yet been configured, the system should boot into single-user mode. 

    RedBoot> go
                                                                                     
    
NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80310) booting ...
Resetting secondary PCI bus...
initarm: Configuring system ...
physmemory: 65536 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xafffffff
init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
[ using 155084 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
    The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                     
    
NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80310) #20: Fri Mar 29 10:25:53 PST 2002
    root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80310
total memory = 256 MB
avail memory = 232 MB
using 1228 buffers containing 13208 KB of memory
mainbus0 (root)
cpu0 at mainbus0: i80200 step A-0 (XScale core)
cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
obio0 at mainbus0: board rev. F, CPLD rev. D, backplane present
com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe810000: ns16550a, working fifo
com0: console
com1 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80312 Companion I/O, acting as PCI host
iopxs0: configuring Secondary PCI bus
pci0 at iopxs0 bus 1
pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled
ppb0 at pci0 dev 7 function 0: Digital Equipment DECchip 21154 PCI-PCI Bridge (rev. 0x05)
pci1 at ppb0 bus 2
pci1: i/o space, memory space enabled
fxp0 at pci1 dev 0 function 0: i82559S Ethernet, rev 9
fxp0: interrupting at iq80310 irq 1
fxp0: Ethernet address 00:80:4d:46:0b:b9
inphy0 at fxp0 phy 1: i82555 10/100 media interface, rev. 4
inphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
boot device: <unknown>
root on fxp0
nfs_boot: trying DHCP/BOOTP
nfs_boot: DHCP next-server: 192.168.0.1
nfs_boot: my_name=iq80310.lab.wasabisystems.com
nfs_boot: my_domain=wasabisystems.com
nfs_boot: my_addr=192.168.0.10
nfs_boot: my_mask=255.255.255.0
nfs_boot: gateway=192.168.0.254
root on 192.168.0.1:/export/client/iq80310
/etc/rc.conf is not configured.  Multiuser boot aborted.
Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:
Installation for the Intel IQ80321
The following steps describe how to set up an NFS root environment for the IQ80321 and how to boot the IQ80321.

  1. Place the kernel into the TFTP server's download area.

    RedBoot only loads S-Records, so select a kernel with the ``.srec'' filename suffix. In this example, we will boot the kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet as the root device.


           server# cp netbsd-wm0.srec /tftpboot/netbsd-iq80321-wm0

  2. Unpack the distribution sets into the target's root directory.


           server# cd /export/client/iq80321
           server# gzcat .../base.tgz | tar xvpf -
           server# gzcat .../etc.tgz | tar xvpf -
           [repeat for all sets you wish to unpack]

  3. Load the kernel from the TFTP server. 

    RedBoot> load netbsd-iq80321-wm0
Entry point: 0x00200000, address range: 0x00200000-0x00396a40
RedBoot>

  4. Start the kernel running. The kernel will display boot message, probe for devices, and mount the root file system. If you used a kernel hard-wired to use the on-board Ethernet, it will attempt to mount the root file system automatically. Otherwise, it will prompt for the root device to use.

    Since the system's run-time environment has not yet been configured, the system should boot into single-user mode. 

    RedBoot> go
                                                                                     
    
NetBSD/evbarm (IQ80321) booting ...
initarm: Configuring system ...
physmemory: 32768 pages at 0xa0000000 -> 0xa7ffffff
init subsystems: stacks vectors undefined pmap irq done.
[ using 156468 bytes of netbsd ELF symbol table ]
Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
    The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
                                                                                     
    
NetBSD 1.5ZC (IQ80321) #1: Thu Mar 28 18:20:34 PST 2002
    root@tgm:/u1/netbsd/src/sys/arch/evbarm/compile/IQ80321
total memory = 128 MB
avail memory = 113 MB
using 1228 buffers containing 6656 KB of memory
mainbus0 (root)
cpu0 at mainbus0: i80321 step A-0 (XScale core)
cpu0: DC enabled IC enabled WB enabled LABT
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way Instruction cache
cpu0: 32KB/32B 32-way write-back-locking Data cache
obio0 at mainbus0
com0 at obio0 addr 0xfe800000: ns16550a, working fifo
com0: console
iopxs0 at mainbus0: i80321 I/O Processor, acting as PCI host
iopxs0: configuring PCI bus
pci0 at iopxs0 bus 0
pci0: i/o space, memory space enabled, rd/line, rd/mult, wr/inv ok
wm0 at pci0 dev 4 function 0: Intel i82544 1000BASE-T Ethernet, rev. 2
wm0: interrupting at iop321 irq 27
wm0: Ethernet address 00:07:e9:03:38:40
makphy0 at wm0 phy 1: Marvell 88E1000 Gigabit PHY, rev. 0
makphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
clock: hz=100 stathz=0 profhz=0
boot device: <unknown>
root on wm0
nfs_boot: trying DHCP/BOOTP
nfs_boot: DHCP next-server: 192.168.0.1
nfs_boot: my_name=iq80321.lab.wasabisystems.com
nfs_boot: my_domain=wasabisystems.com
nfs_boot: my_addr=192.168.0.11
nfs_boot: my_mask=255.255.255.0
nfs_boot: gateway=192.168.0.254
root on 192.168.0.1:/export/client/iq80321
/etc/rc.conf is not configured.  Multiuser boot aborted.
Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:

Post installation steps

Once you've got the operating system running, there are a few things you need to do in order to bring the system into a properly configured state, with the most important ones described below.

  1. Configuring /etc/rc.conf

    If you or the installation software haven't done any configuration of /etc/rc.conf (sysinst usually will), the system will drop you into single user mode on first reboot with the message

           /etc/rc.conf is not configured. Multiuser boot aborted.

    and with the root file system (/) mounted read-only. When the system asks you to choose a shell, simply press RETURN to get to a /bin/sh prompt. If you are asked for a terminal type, respond with vt220 (or whatever is appropriate for your terminal type) and press RETURN. You may need to type one of the following commands to get your delete key to work properly, depending on your keyboard:
           # stty erase '^h'
           # stty erase '^?'
    At this point, you need to configure at least one file in the /etc directory. You will need to mount your root file system read/write with:
           # /sbin/mount -u -w /
    Change to the /etc directory and take a look at the /etc/rc.conf file. Modify it to your tastes, making sure that you set rc_configured=YES so that your changes will be enabled and a multi-user boot can proceed. Default values for the various programs can be found in /etc/defaults/rc.conf, where some in-line documentation may be found. More complete documentation can be found in rc.conf(5).

    If your /usr directory is on a separate partition and you do not know how to use ed, you will have to mount your /usr partition to gain access to ex or vi. Do the following:


           # mount /usr
           # export TERM=vt220

    If you have /var on a separate partition, you need to repeat that step for it. After that, you can edit /etc/rc.conf with vi(1). When you have finished, type exit at the prompt to leave the single-user shell and continue with the multi-user boot.

    Other values that need to be set in /etc/rc.conf for a networked environment are hostname and possibly defaultroute, furthermore add an ifconfig_int for your <int> network interface, along the lines of


           ifconfig_de0="inet 123.45.67.89 netmask 255.255.255.0"

    or, if you have myname.my.dom in /etc/hosts:


           ifconfig_de0="inet myname.my.dom netmask 255.255.255.0"

    To enable proper hostname resolution, you will also want to add an /etc/resolv.conf file or (if you are feeling a little more adventurous) run named(8). See resolv.conf(5) or named(8) for more information. Instead of manually configuring network and naming service, DHCP can be used by setting dhclient=YES in /etc/rc.conf.

    Other files in /etc that may require modification or setting up include /etc/mailer.conf, /etc/nsswitch.conf, and /etc/wscons.conf.

  2. Logging in

    After reboot, you can log in as root at the login prompt. Unless you've set a password in sysinst, there is no initial password. If you're using the machine in a networked environment, you should create an account for yourself (see below) and protect it and the ``root'' account with good passwords. By default, root login from the network is disabled (even via ssh(1)). One way to become root over the network is to log in as a different user that belongs to group ``wheel'' (see group(5)) and use su(1) to become root.

    Unless you have connected an unusual terminal device as the console you can just press RETURN when it prompts for Terminal type? [...].

  3. Adding accounts

    Use the useradd(8) command to add accounts to your system. Do not edit /etc/passwd directly! See vipw(8) and pwd_mkdb(8) if you want to edit the password database.

  4. The X Window System

    If you have installed the X Window System, look at the files in /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc for information.

    Don't forget to add /usr/X11R6/bin to your path in your shell's dot file so that you have access to the X binaries.

  5. Installing third party packages

    If you wish to install any of the software freely available for UNIX-like systems you are strongly advised to first check the NetBSD package system. This automatically handles any changes necessary to make the software run on NetBSD, retrieval and installation of any other packages on which the software may depend, and simplifies installation (and deinstallation), both from source and precompiled binaries.

  6. Misc

Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System

There is no previous release of NetBSD/evbarm from which to upgrade.

Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases

Users upgrading from previous versions of NetBSD may wish to bear the following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to NetBSD3.0.

Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older releases.
It is very important that you populate the directory /etc/pam.d with appropriate configuration files for the Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) because you will not be able to login any more otherwise. Using postinstall as described below will take care of this. Please refer to http://www.netbsd.org/guide/en/chap-pam.html for documentation about PAM.

The following issues can generally be resolved by extracting the etc set into a temporary directory and running postinstall: 

postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix

Issues fixed by postinstall: